현대일본어의 「老」 관련 어휘의 사용실태 - 国研 「ことばに関する新聞記事見出しデータベース」를 분석대상으로 -
A Study on the general language use of ROO in the modern Japanese language : in Headline Database of Newspaper Articles by KOKKEN
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초록
1949年以降2009年3月まで 「言語」「言語生活」というの視点で収集した141,500件の新聞記事資料 「ことばに関する新聞記事見出しデータベース」(国立国語研究所)を分析の対象に、文章言語における 「老」関連語彙の使用実態を分析し、現代日本語における 「老」に対する使用意識の一面を考察した。「老」が含まれている記事は638件で新聞記事資料の約0.45%を占めている。<語彙>という主題の記事が合計286件で、総638件の45%に至る。次に、＜言語＞の105件(16％)が続く。主題の主な内容は、「老」の帯びるマイナス評価や語感、 「老」に伴われる症状の解決、老化防止、老人との疎通手段等である。「老」 関連語彙は完全一致(「老」) 前方一致(「老+○」後方一致(「○+老」)に分類して分析した結果、完全一致72例(約11%)、前方一致513例(約77%)、後方一致81例(約12%)の分布を示し、前方一致の頻度が圧倒的に高い。完全一致 「老」は 「老(ろう)」 「老(お)い」 「老(お)いる」 「老(お)ゆ」 「老(ふ)ける」等と読まれ、「老(お)いる」20例や轉成名詞 「老(お)い」34例が中心となる。前方一致では 「年取った」の意味を表す接頭語 「老∼」と 「老」が 「年取った∼」の意味を示す 「老+○」の漢語 「老人」が主なものになる。「老人」は305例で、前方一致の約59%、全体の約46%という高頻度を見せ、年取った存在は老人、すなわち人間に集中しているのがわかる。後方一致は接尾語 「∼老」と 「○+老」の漢語が中心である。接尾語 「∼老」は年取った人のフルネームや姓等につけ 「尊敬」の意味を表し、「○+老」の漢語の 「老」は 「年取ること」 「年取ることに対する評価」 「年取った人」を表す。
Abstract
The study analyzed the general language use of ROO in the written language. Also, one side of users' attitude toward ROO in the modern Japanese language had been considered. The analysis object was ‘Headline Database of Newspaper Articles by KOKKEN’’ which contained 141,500 newspaper articles. They were collected from viewpoints of ‘Japanese language’ and ‘Japanese language life’ from 1949 to 2009. There were 638 newspaper articles which contained ROO. They accounted for about 0.45 percent of the whole newspaper articles. Firstly, there were 286 articles which had a topic called a <vocabulary>. They reached up to 45 percent of 638 articles. Secondly, there were 105 articles(about 16 percent) which had a topic called a <language>. The main contents of topics were <negative estimation and connotations of ROO>, <solutions for symptoms accompanied with ROO>, <anti‒ageing>, <communication methods with the elderly>. Vocabularies related to ROO were classified into three groups. The first group was <ROO>, the second group was <ROO at the front> and the third group was <ROO at the back>. 72 articles (about 11 percent) were included in the first group, 513 articles (about 77 percent) were included in the second group and 81 articles (about 12 percent) were included in the third group. The second group appeared in newspaper articles much more frequently than other two groups. In the first group, ROO was pronounced in various ways such as ROO, OI, OIRU, OYU, HUKERU. OIRU in 20 articles and nominalized verb OI in 34 articles were key words. In the second group, words with a prefix <ROO‒> which meaned <got old> and a Chinese word ROOJIN were key words. ROOJIN was appeared in 305 articles. They accounted for about 59 percent of the second group and about 46 percent of the whole selected articles. In the third group, words with a suffix <‒ROO> and Chinese words <○+ROO> were key words. The suffix <‒ROO> was added to full names or surnames of the elderly to express <respect>. ROO of Chinese words <○+ROO> expressed <get old>, <estimation on getting old> and <the elderly>.
참고문헌 (6)
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- 오미선, "「家族」관련 어휘의 사용실태 -国硏「ことばに関する新聞記事見出しデータベース」를 분석대상으로-", 日本學硏究, 28(0), pp.415~433 (2009), 일본연구소
- 오미선, "현대일본어의 ｢家庭｣ 관련 어휘의 사용의식 － 国硏 ｢ことばに関する新聞記事見出しデータベース｣를 분석대상으로 －", 日本思想, (17), pp.277~299 (2009), 한국일본사상사학회