일본 메이지유신(明治維新)기 메이로쿠샤(明六社)결성과 문명개화론의 성격
明治維新期の明六社の結成と文明開化論の性格 The formation of Meirokusha(明六社) and the characteritic of civilization during the period of Meijiishin(明治維新)
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明六社は日本において最初の学術団体であり、なおかつ明治政権の政策的な理念を提供する機関として大きな役割を果たした。明六社員たちはほとんどが民権を強調したが、時が経つにつれ天皇制帝国主義に協力するようになってきた。多くの明六社員は漢学の素養を持ち、儒学の用語を使いながら儒教的な価値観を媒介に洋学を受け入れる形を取った。明六社員たちは国家の発展は宗教と教育を通じてこそ可能であると認識した。しかし彼らは、宗教は「人民の自由」である視角を見地したため、より積極的に取り組むことができるのは教育であると認識するようになった。また彼らは教育の方向を文明開化に置き、そのためには政府が主導的に近代的な改革措置を行い、制度化するのがまず必要であるという共感台も形成した。しかし近代日本で西洋文明化という戦略的な意識は、明六社員においても西洋のヘゲモニズムを目前に、それと同一化する方向を選択するようになる。
Abstract
Meirokusha(明六社) was the first academic society in Japan as well as it gave a great poitical influence over Meiji(明治). In the beginning the members of Meirokusha emphasize mostly on civil rights, but later on they formed power collaborating imperialism. Most members had knowledge of Chimese literature and were influenced by the Confucian ideas which applying Confucianism in learning new Western culture as well. They thought the two major motive force for National development were religion and education. However, religion mostly implied「People's freedom」toward members, therefore to rally members and make them work actively would be education. Their goal of education was flowering civilization and recognized its success was depending strongly on the Government's modern reformation and institutionalization. Overall, to most members, the strategic idea of the western culture was thought as hegemonism which gave them the awareness of imperialism following Western culture through mighty army force.
참고문헌 (18)
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