白下 尹淳과 圓嶠 李匡師의 審美理想과 書藝術

Abstract

DONGKUK JIN CHE (Genuine stroke of the Chosun Country) is the reformational calligraphy risen in the 17th~18th century in order to find the genuine handwriting in Chosun Dynasty. The Eastern country calligraphy family are the figures who had changed the writing style and showed the national independence and pride by calligraphy as they had both the calligraphy theory and art. This study which is one of the courses of my holistic and general research on the family of calligraphy of Dong Kuk Jin Che (Genuine Stroke of the Chosun Country) is the dissertation which investigated the relevance between the esthetic ideal and art of calligraphy of Baek Ha Yoon, Soon(1680~1741) and Won Kyo Lee, Kwang Sa(1705~1777) who were the teacher and disciple. Both Baek Ha and Won Kyo had jointly owned the esthetic ideal of calligraphy what we call “Chang Kyung Bal Sok” within the sense of sincere friendly ties.20 Calligraphy of Chang Kyung Bal Sok is the handwriting having strong, artistic, skilled and excellent writing power by expelling the worldly spirit. When we examine the course of realizing the esthetic ideal of Chang kyung Bal Sok of the two persons, Baek Ha achieved the art of calligraphy with the finest, elegant and beautiful figure by drilling the scrapbooks of writings of Wang Hee Ji by following the standardized legal code of the thought of singleness of Wang Hee Ji, but on the other hand, ‘Bake Ha Che’ was appeared as having failed to reach the goal of “Tal Yun Mi(will of art to be free from being pretty and beautiful)” as the result of drilling only Chup Hak which is far away from the original handwritings of Wang Hee Ji, while Won Kyo adopted “Ju Jon and Han Ye” to drill “Chup Hak and Bi Hak” together and could achieve the original handwriting style which is “Chang Kyung”, artistic and simple. The handwritings of the two persons had appeared by being different as the art of calligraphy containing the unique personality and character what we call “Baek Ha Che” and “Won Kyo Che” so naturally by the difference of the methodologies. As a result we may say that in the days of Won Kyo rather than the days of Baek Ha, the degree of achievements was higher in the standards the esthetic ideal of the two persons were realized as the art of calligraphy. In conclusion two persons are eligible to be evaluated by artistic history in the achievements of opening the pure horizon of the esthetic sense transcending the worldly spirit ultimately by sincerely searching the original esthetic world the calligrapher should orient with the seeking attitude. Their esthetic ideal represents the then esthetic ideal and characters of Chosun calligraphy and at the same time presented the direction the calligraphy should go forward and we can say that their deeds are great as having dedicated to the internal fidelity of the history of calligraphy of Chosun Dynasty era.