日本語教育における表現の選択肢問題に関する一思案 ーコロケーションを中心にー

Abstract

In foreign language education process, it is said that mastering collocation is related to the problem of whether someone is able to use the language like a native speaker or not. In this article, I, basing on Japanese education, focusing on collocation, organized and described my opinions about suspected but uncertain misuses of collocation from non-native Japanese speakers and generality of expression in Japanese education using Corpus. And the conclusions are as follows. (1) In Japanese education, introduction of collocation is quite important. While, it would not have been possible without the development of Corpus in recent years. (2) In matters of definition and scope of collocation, there are two different opinions. One is that there should be two or more content free morphemes and it is a combination of two or more content free morphemes with grammatical morphemes; the other one is that it is two or more combinative words which is “of a combination relation that repeatedly appears in one language both syntactically and semantically”. But this opinion needs a deeper consideration in the future. (3) An expression, especially judging the correct uses and misuses of collocation is quite difficult. Though we can judge from Corpus to some extent, it’s not omnipotent. So, we might firstly divide “suspected but uncertain misuses of collocation” into “violation of collocation that is combinative with actual world” and misuse of grammatical errors in one language that is grammatically true but not appearing in Corpus. (4) In actual world, there are a great diversity of expressions for an object, and it’s up to the speaker or author to choose any of them. But non-native speakers do not have such ability to perceive, and that’s why “generality of expression” is needed in language education. While, to what stage can be seen as “generality of expression”, is a problem to be solved.