帝紀『増鏡』の始発 ー後鳥羽院物語の示すものー

Abstract

In this paper I consider the narrative of the Gotoba-in in medieval history story “Masukagami”. Usually, “Masukagami” is defined as chronological, but considering the contents of the volumes, it can be referred to as “record of emperors”. And thinking the whole work with 4-parts of Gotoba-in story, GoSaga-in story, two courts period*, Godaigo story, we examined the nature of Gotoba-in story that this history story is started. Gotoba-in story has 3 volumes. It corresponds to the front and back of Jōkyū War that he has caused. The evaluation of him in “Masukagami” is positive. It is pictorially described as the chairman of the waka and aristocratic culture. Author have deliberately abstracted the point that has been criticized in another recording. In addition, it is necessary to note outlines the history of waka, samurai, aristocracy. These presented the ideal ancient traditions. He is not represented for the battle he caused. The both of his intention and the course of battle are not shown. In other medieval literary works describes that he was more interested in military things, dissatisfaction with samurai regime was strong, and he pursued the plan for the battle clearly. However, it is noted that none of the blessings of God in this work, steadily to bemoan the absurdity of that emperor was defeated by samurai. It was the first defeat on the Japanese history. The author was aware that there is no sufficient reason to this battle. However, he did not directly state it, and chose a way to imply. The life of Gotoba-in leaving capital, told in lyrical by his poetry. Gotoba-in is portrayed as president of culture, and disappeared in the battle under criticism, and resurrected in the isolated island. When read in conjunction with the preface, his story is situated on the starting point of the process of aristocracy lost power. This perception set the nature of this literary work. two courts period*-period which emperors were crowned from the two houses by turn.