朝鮮前期 王室發願鐘의 硏究

Abstract

Korean bells preserved their own distinct styles since the unified Silla dynasty. At the end of the fourteenth century, Goryeo period, the Chinese bells had been transported to invent a distinctive bell styles of Choseon syncretized with the traditional bell styles. The large bells made with the request of the royal family in early Choseon are typical Choseon bells. The bells made with the request of Choseon royal family are known to be eleven pieces. They can be divided into two categories according to the purpose of making. Firstly, the Court bells were made to memorize the rules and virtues of the kings who became in crown through revolution. Wunjongga bell(雲從街鐘, 1398) made by King Taejo, Donhwamun bell(敦化門鐘, 1413) made by King Taejong, Kwanghwamun bell(光化門鐘, 1458) made by King Seojo are exemplary. Although they do not remain any more, they are known to have been used to tell time. Secondly, Buddhist Bell were made with Buddhist faith for the security of the royal family and the rebuilding of temples. They are Hengcheonsa Temple Bell(興天寺鐘, 1462) and Bosingkak Bell(普信閣鐘, 1468) offered by King Sejo and Queen Jeonghee(貞熹王后, 1418-1483), Naksansa Temple Bell(落山寺鐘, 1469) by King Yejong, Sujongsa Temple Bell(水鐘寺小鐘, 1469) and Haeinsa Temple Bell(海印寺 大寂光殿鐘, 1491) by Queen Insudaebi(仁粹大妃, 1437~1504). The style of these Buddhist bells is mixed style of a Chinese Ming dynasty's and traditional Korean style with Bodhisattva statue and thirty-six lotus buds.21 While the previous studies did not pay attention to the distinctive style of Choseon bells only emphasizing Choseon's policy of suppressing Buddhism, its consequent decline of Buddhist art, and the strong influences of Chinese bells, this study examined the distinctive style of Choseon Bells with the offering of the royal family. Such bells, having the partial influences of the Ming Chinese bell styles, had developed into distinctive Choseon bell styles based on its cultural resources and can be said as the outstanding art works representing the Buddhist art and metal craft of the early Choseon.