특권화된 원폭/피폭과 ‘국민적 기억’―오타 요코(太田洋子)와 이부세 마스지(井伏鱒二)를 중심으로―

Abstract

In this study, from the perspective of the “national memory” of Japan, a defeated country and a bombed country, we would like to compare and analyze the “black rain” of Masuji Ibuse and Yoko Ota’s “city of corpses”. Through this, the purpose is to visualize the process and problems of the nation’s memory structure surrounding the bombing by looking at the historical trend of the literature of “A-bomb literature” from “City of corpses” to “Black Rain”. Ota, who is said to be the founder of atomic bomb literature, was a writer who was at the center of the first and second atomic bomb literature debates, and the problems inherent in his work become more apparent through comparison with “Black Rain”. Ota, an atomic bomb writer, emphasizes the cruel situation of atomic bomb victims through emotional writings emphasizing misery, and tends to set non-bomb victims as bystanders, and privileges his atomic bomb experience through dichotomy with atomic bomb victims.Ota’s approach can be clearly seen from the perspective and description of the “A-bomb Otome,” which emerged as a symbol of the atomic bomb immediately after the end of the occupation.As you can see from Ota’s anger at showing off the “sad existence with a terrible wound,” “A-bomb Otome” was also a medium of anger toward society for Ota.On the other hand, Ibuse’s “Black Rain” features an a-bomb Otome, which is different from an a-bomb Otome, who had a visible scar called keloid and became the medium of anger in a divided composition.The atomic bomb literature, filled with “experiential misery,” finally overcame the privileges of atomic bombings, which divided atomic and non-bomb victims into two, and reached a “national consensus,” which is evident from the transformation of “A-bomb Otome”.