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경제학이 오픈소스 소프트웨어에 대해 알고 있는 것: 역사, 산업 조직, 정책 함의

The Knowns and the Unknowns about Open Source Software: History, Industrial Organization and Policy Implications

이남형|김준일
한국경제학회 (The Korean Economic Association)|2016.06|경제학연구 (The Korean Journal of Economic Studies)|제64권 제2호|pp. 127-166|DOI 10.22841/kjes.2016.64.2.005

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오픈소스 소프트웨어surveysopen source software소프트웨어 산업 역사공개 소프트웨어history of software industry
주제분류경제학

초록

오픈소스 소프트웨어는 자발적인 개발자들이 공개된 소스코드를 이용하여 개발하고, 라이선스와 함께 자유롭게 배포하는 소프트웨어이다. 오픈소스 소프트웨어는 지적재산권을 배타적 사용이 아니라 공공의 사용을 위해 활용한다는 점, 생산에 참여한 사람이 직접적인 이득을 볼 수 있는 방법을 제한하였지만 그 가능성은열어 놓았다는 점, 분산된 형태의 생산을 이끌었다는 점에서 새로운 시대의 새로운 생산방법으로서 주목받을 만하다. 본 논문은 두 가지를 목적으로 한다. 먼저오픈소스 소프트웨어 개발의 역사가 컴퓨터 발달의 초창기부터 시작하고 있음을밝히고자 한다. 더불어 Lerner and Tirole(2002)의 선도적인 연구 이후 축적된 경제학 연구를 참여 동기, 개발 과정 및 관리, 시장 경쟁, 라이선스, 정책, 다른 산업에 주는 함의 등으로 정리했다. 이로써 이론 및 정책적으로 중요성이 높아지고 있는 이 분야의 후속 연구에 도움을 주고자 한다.

Abstract

Open source software is developed by voluntary developers who use publicly available source codes and distributed freely with licenses. Open source software can be regarded as a new way of production in terms that: it exploits intellectual property rights not for exclusive benefits but for public usage; it limits direct private profits but opens possibilities for indirect ones; and it takes advantage of dispersed production networks. This paper has two main objectives: we try to explain that open source way has started from the beginning of computers and survey related researches in economics after the renowned work of Lerner and Tirole (2002). In this paper, mainly we deal with developers’ motivations, development processes and managements, market competition, licenses, policies and implications to other industries.

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