근세초 西日本 지역 ‘조선인 집단거주지’
Villages of Joseon residents of western Japan in early Tokugawa period
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As there were many daimyos in the western parts of Japan, there were also a relatively large number of Korean war prisoners taken from Joseon as well as those who chose to move to Japan permanently. In fact, touzinmachi and kouraichyou--villages where war prisoners from Joseon resided in communities--were formed, scattered throughout western Japan. The villages of Joseon residents which this paper examines are divided into the ones where Joseon people happened to live together and others where Joseon people of a particular profession collectively resided. Not all of those residential areas or villages were investigated in this essay; I do not propose to generalize the findings of this study hastily. However, as far as the author's research comprehended, these collective residential areas did not seem to have been established arbitrarily, or coercively, by forces of the Clan. The first-generation war prisoners from Joseon shared a sense of solidarity out of their national or professional identity, and naturally formed a community by gathering to live in close proximity. In the process, they were recognized as groups of specialized workmen or craftsmen by the Clan authorities in the context of the latter's promotion of commerce and industry. These groups included potters, bean curd makers, and tradesmen. As experts in their specialized trades, they were endowed with certain public status and treated honorably. Even in the Nagasaki area where Joseon residents were not characterized by particular skills, no legal sanctions are found which targeted only the Joseon residents. The legal and social status of Joseon immigrants or Joseon-Japanese residents in Japanese society, as well as any discriminatory practices against them, can be further illuminated with a more sustained comprehensive research of historical materials regarding the policies of the Clan of the region. Such is the continuing interest of this author, which should come to fruition in a future project.
Abstract
As there were many daimyos in the western parts of Japan, there were also a relatively large number of Korean war prisoners taken from Joseon as well as those who chose to move to Japan permanently. In fact, touzinmachi and kouraichyou--villages where war prisoners from Joseon resided in communities--were formed, scattered throughout western Japan. The villages of Joseon residents which this paper examines are divided into the ones where Joseon people happened to live together and others where Joseon people of a particular profession collectively resided. Not all of those residential areas or villages were investigated in this essay; I do not propose to generalize the findings of this study hastily. However, as far as the author's research comprehended, these collective residential areas did not seem to have been established arbitrarily, or coercively, by forces of the Clan. The first-generation war prisoners from Joseon shared a sense of solidarity out of their national or professional identity, and naturally formed a community by gathering to live in close proximity. In the process, they were recognized as groups of specialized workmen or craftsmen by the Clan authorities in the context of the latter's promotion of commerce and industry. These groups included potters, bean curd makers, and tradesmen. As experts in their specialized trades, they were endowed with certain public status and treated honorably. Even in the Nagasaki area where Joseon residents were not characterized by particular skills, no legal sanctions are found which targeted only the Joseon residents. The legal and social status of Joseon immigrants or Joseon-Japanese residents in Japanese society, as well as any discriminatory practices against them, can be further illuminated with a more sustained comprehensive research of historical materials regarding the policies of the Clan of the region. Such is the continuing interest of this author, which should come to fruition in a future project.
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