A Study on the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy
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The current Constitution of Korea, article 10 regulated the 'dignity and value as human beings, and the pursuit of happiness' as ideological foundation for guarantee of basic rights and to achieve this under Article 11 it has materialized the 'equality' in various areas such as education, employment, marriage and family life, elections, etc as a methodological basis. However, in the Constitution women are the subject to enjoy the right equally in the Hold public office and right to vote. But ratio of female members is very outdated in World Women's equality measure such as Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), Gender Inequality Index (GII), and Gender Gap Index (GGI) etc. And of course, the number of female officials is increasing trend but compared with France, New Zealand, Germany, Canada, UK, etc. it is still low. In addition the proportion of female civil servants management positions, which has the influential currently, it is about 14 percent in 2009. And among them the proportion of female senior civil servants is 1.8%. So, the National Human Rights Commission has proposed human rights policy's objectives and priority project through the National Action Plan (NAP). Establishing the National Action Plan is to meet the meet the demands of the international human right organization, also, at the 'Vienna Declaration and Program of Action' of the World Conference on Human Rights 1993 in Vienna advice the establishment of Human Rights Council and National Action Plan to each countries and The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) was advised to report about the establishment of Human Rights Council until June 30, 2006. But Women's Political representation is too low and still excluded or limited in the Decision-making process of Government, NGO, labor union, etc. In this situation, The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1998. It advised to increase the percentage at least 30% for the women in party and create a policy for women's social activities and Article 25 of the UN Human Rights regulates the equal rights for election and public service. As a result, gender quota system, Affirmative Action for Public Officers and Women Professors in the National Universities, etc. these Institutions are take effect by Act on Women's Development, National Human Rights Commission of Korea, Party law, Public Service Aptitude Test law, Fostering and Supporting of Women Scientists and Engineers law, Public Educational Officials Act, etc. Despite of these legislative achievements women's inequalities are still in this society. Especially, the power of decision-making by participation in public is insignificant. This paper check the Female's Seats in national parliament in Korea and Using the recognition of Comparative Study's reality(Ⅱ) examine the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy(Ⅲ), in analysis the Hindrance Factors of the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy(Discriminative Factors)(Ⅳ). after then propose the Improving Efficiency of for the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy (the Solutions to Discrimination)(Ⅴ)and Political Proposal(Ⅵ) is this study's purpose.
Abstract
The current Constitution of Korea, article 10 regulated the 'dignity and value as human beings, and the pursuit of happiness' as ideological foundation for guarantee of basic rights and to achieve this under Article 11 it has materialized the 'equality' in various areas such as education, employment, marriage and family life, elections, etc as a methodological basis. However, in the Constitution women are the subject to enjoy the right equally in the Hold public office and right to vote. But ratio of female members is very outdated in World Women's equality measure such as Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), Gender Inequality Index (GII), and Gender Gap Index (GGI) etc. And of course, the number of female officials is increasing trend but compared with France, New Zealand, Germany, Canada, UK, etc. it is still low. In addition the proportion of female civil servants management positions, which has the influential currently, it is about 14 percent in 2009. And among them the proportion of female senior civil servants is 1.8%. So, the National Human Rights Commission has proposed human rights policy's objectives and priority project through the National Action Plan (NAP). Establishing the National Action Plan is to meet the meet the demands of the international human right organization, also, at the 'Vienna Declaration and Program of Action' of the World Conference on Human Rights 1993 in Vienna advice the establishment of Human Rights Council and National Action Plan to each countries and The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) was advised to report about the establishment of Human Rights Council until June 30, 2006. But Women's Political representation is too low and still excluded or limited in the Decision-making process of Government, NGO, labor union, etc. In this situation, The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1998. It advised to increase the percentage at least 30% for the women in party and create a policy for women's social activities and Article 25 of the UN Human Rights regulates the equal rights for election and public service. As a result, gender quota system, Affirmative Action for Public Officers and Women Professors in the National Universities, etc. these Institutions are take effect by Act on Women's Development, National Human Rights Commission of Korea, Party law, Public Service Aptitude Test law, Fostering and Supporting of Women Scientists and Engineers law, Public Educational Officials Act, etc. Despite of these legislative achievements women's inequalities are still in this society. Especially, the power of decision-making by participation in public is insignificant. This paper check the Female's Seats in national parliament in Korea and Using the recognition of Comparative Study's reality(Ⅱ) examine the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy(Ⅲ), in analysis the Hindrance Factors of the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy(Discriminative Factors)(Ⅳ). after then propose the Improving Efficiency of for the Participation of Korean Women in the Policy (the Solutions to Discrimination)(Ⅴ)and Political Proposal(Ⅵ) is this study's purpose.
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