1883년 덴주마루(天壽丸)의 울릉도 목재 불법반출과 조일 간 반환 교섭

Abstract

The article review all the negotiations between Joseon and Japan over the illegal shipment of timber from Ulleung island to Japan by sailing in November 1883 based on the documents from Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan(外務省外交史料 館). The man responsible for the incident was Tokuhachi Murakami(村 上德八) from Ehime Prefecture(愛媛県) who flew Tenjiumaru. He traveled to Ulleung Island three times, where he was hired by a Japanese merchant to transport timbers. Meanwhile, Japan’s Naimusho (内務省) dispatched officer Naoe Higaki(檜垣直枝) to Ulleung Island to evict all Japanese staying in the island. Kim Ok-kyun(金玉均), a Land-Opening Official for the Southeastern Islands(東南諸島開拓使) who heard that Murakami had shipped out the timber, sent Gunji Gai (甲斐軍治) to Ehime Prefecture to investigate and file a lawsuit. The Joseon government also officially raised the issue, citing the violation of the newly signed Regulations under which Japanese Trade is to be Conducted in Korea and Responses of Various Countries in 1883. In the course of the trial, the Japanese government admitted that Murakami’s conduct was a violation of the treaty, collected fines according to regulations, settled the cost of exporting the timber and handed it over to the Joseon government. The treaty’s articles cited here were the 33th and the 40th. There was discussion within the Japanese government about how to dispose of the confiscated items left over during the trial, which eventually returned them to Murakami. The Joseon government actively utilized the newly signed trade treaty as the basis for exercising its claim against goods smuggled out of non-opening ports. It is noteworthy that the Japanese government was setting up a countermeasure as the Foreign Ministry, the Interior Ministry and the Judicial Affairs Ministry were discussing the issue about sailing to Joseon by Japanese, and it was setting a standard to crack down on future.