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돌봄국가: 복지국가의 새로운 지평

Caring State: A New Vision of Welfare State

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주제분류행정학

초록

최근 새로운 복지국가에 대한 논의가 한창이다. 후기산업사회로의 진입은 인구구조, 가족형태, 산업구조를 변화시켰고, 이는 인구 고령화, 출산률 하락, 돌봄위기, 산업고용율 하락, 임시직의 증대 같은 소위 신사회적 위험이라 일컫는 현상을 야기했다. 기존 복지국가 논의로는 이러한 사회적 변화와 위험을 충분히 설명할 수 없음에, 작금의 변화에 보다 민감하게 대응하고 설명할 수 있는 새로운 복지국가에 대한 갈망이 대두된 것이다. 그렇다면 새로운 복지국가는 어떤 모습일까? 보다 원론적으로, 더 나은 복지국가는 어떤 모습이어야 하는가? 이 글은 이러한 질문에 대한 답을 찾고자 하며, 그 답으로 돌봄국가(caring state)를 제안한다. 돌봄국가란 돌봄윤리(care ethics)를 규범적 원리로 운영되는 국가이다. 이 글의 목적은 돌봄윤리를 소개하고 더 나은 복지국가의 규범적 지향으로 필자가 제시하는 돌봄국가의 특징을 밝히는데 있다. 또한 이를 통해 한국사회의 새로운 복지국가 논의에 기여하고자 함이다.

Abstract

A new welfarestate has been a popular topic in welfare scholarship. The social demand for anew welfare state has arisen since the current welfare state cannot adequately address new social risks such as ageing, low fertility, care crisis, and low employment. What would a new welfare state look like then? More fundamentally, what a better welfare state should look like? This paper suggests a caring state as an answer to these questions. A caring state is one governed by care ethics as normative principles. The purpose of this paper is to introduce care ethics and characterize a caring state as a normative goal for reaching a new welfare state. These care ethics proposed in this study will contribute to contemporary discourse of a new welfare state in the academia and society of Korea.

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