고려 역법의 이해, 『국역 고려사 역지』 역주

Abstract

In this article, I studied about Koryo calendar system used by Koryo people. I translated and annotated the Koryo-sa yokji from 2001 year, that was the traditional calendar record text during Koryo dynasty periods. Two almanac what we called the Sunmyong-ryok and the Susi-ryok were recorded in the text of Koryo dynasty history, the Koryo-sa yokji. Yokji means the record of calendar history. The Sunmyong-ryok was introduced to Silla dynasty at the least at that time after it was proclaimed first at 822 year during the late of Tang dynasty. Koryo dynasty may have accepted it directly from Silla dynasty, and it was used very long time util new calendar of the Susi-ryok introduced at the late of Koryo dynasty. The Susi-ryok was maded by the famous astronomer Guo shou-jing (1231-1316) at 1281 year in the Yuan dynasty. The calendar was very excellent under the influence of Islam astronomy. The Tang dynasty’s Sunmyong-ryok was calculated by ancient prime epoch method, and the other hand, the Yuan dyansty’s Susi-ryok was calculated by new method using last year winter solstice. The method of the two was very different. The latter was much more simple and correct than the former. I translated and annotated especially the Sunmyong-ryok domestically for the very first time. I have a try to demonstrate several examples by the traditional calendar method of the Sunmyong-ryok. As the result, I verified Koryo-sa calendar day records were very practical.