On the increase of speaker-orientation from modality to mood of ‘fear’-predicates in English
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The aim of this paper is to address the increase of speaker-orientation from modality to mood in ‘fear’-predicates of English. ‘Fear’-predicates concerned here are I am afraid~(I’m afraid~) and I fear~, judging from the degree of grammaticalization and the token frequency of corpus data regarding the modal verbs in the subordinate clause. Thefirst person subject ‘I’ in the construction of I am afraid~ (I’m afraid~) and I fear~ signals the speaker-orientation. Modality in this paper is defined in terms of factuality to the proposition, following Narrog (2012, ch. 2). Mood is delineated as a grammatical term for modality. Based on Narrog’s (2010: 394) model, mood forms the upward stage of the grammaticalization of modality. ‘Fear’-predicates in the main clause combined with modal verbs in the subordinate clause constitute composite mood along the line of increased speaker-orientation such as imperative, admonitive, commissive, etc. It is argued that the path from modality to mood is metaphorically mapped across the domains.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to address the increase of speaker-orientation from modality to mood in ‘fear’-predicates of English. ‘Fear’-predicates concerned here are I am afraid~(I’m afraid~) and I fear~, judging from the degree of grammaticalization and the token frequency of corpus data regarding the modal verbs in the subordinate clause. Thefirst person subject ‘I’ in the construction of I am afraid~ (I’m afraid~) and I fear~ signals the speaker-orientation. Modality in this paper is defined in terms of factuality to the proposition, following Narrog (2012, ch. 2). Mood is delineated as a grammatical term for modality. Based on Narrog’s (2010: 394) model, mood forms the upward stage of the grammaticalization of modality. ‘Fear’-predicates in the main clause combined with modal verbs in the subordinate clause constitute composite mood along the line of increased speaker-orientation such as imperative, admonitive, commissive, etc. It is argued that the path from modality to mood is metaphorically mapped across the domains.
참고문헌 (30)
- Audi, Robert., "The Cambridge dictionary of philosophy, 2nd ed" (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Bybee, Joan L., "The evolution of grammar : tense, aspect and modality in the languages of the world" (1994), University of Chicago Press
- Chung, Sandra., "Language Typology and Syntactic Description 3", pp.202~258 (1985), Cambridge University Press
- 최순자, "Modality in grammar and discourse", pp.55~66 (1995), J. Benjamins
- Coates, Jennifer., "The semantics of the modal auxiliaries" (1983), Croom Helm
- de Haan, Ferdinand., "The Expression of Modality", pp.27~69 (2006), Mouton de Gruyter
- Dietrich, Rainer., "Modalität im Deutschen" (1992), Westdeutscher Verlag
- Givón, Talmy., "Irrealis and the subjunctive", Studies in Language, 18, pp.265~337 (1994)
- 최순자, "Modality in grammar and discourse", pp.55~66 (1995), J. Benjamins
- Kiefer, Ference., "On defining modality", Folia Linguistica, 21(1), pp.67~94 (1987)
- Kiefer, Ference., "Presidential address: Modality and pragmatics", Folia Linguistica, 31(3-4), pp.241~253 (1997)
- Lyons, John., "Semantics" (1977), Cambridge University Press
- Mautner, Thomas., "The Penguin Dictionary of Philosophy, rev. edn" (2000), Penguin
- Mithun, Marianne., "The Languages of Native North America" (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Narrog, Heiko., "Modality, mood, and change of modal meanings-a new perspective", Cognitive Linguistics, 16, pp.677~731 (2005)
- Narrog, Heiko., "Subjectification, Intersubjectification and Grammaticalization", pp.385~429 (2010), Mouton
- Narrog, Heiko., "Modality, subjectivity and semantic change, 118-149" (2012), Oxford University Press
- Nuyts, Jan., "The Expression of Modality", pp.1~16 (2006), Mouton de Gruyter
- OED, "Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd edition" (1991), Clarendon Press
- Palmer. F. R., "Mood and modality" (1986), Cambridge Press
- Palmer. F. R., "Mood and modality(2nd ed)" (2001), Cambridge Press
- Palmer. F. R., "Mood and modality(3rd ed)" (2007), Cambridge Press
- Papafragou, Anna., "Modality : Issues in the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface" (2000), Elsevier
- Portner, Paul., "Modality" (2009), Oxford University Press
- Sweetser, Eve Eliot., "From Etymology to Pragmatics : Metaphorical and Cultural Aspects of Semantics Structure" (1990), Cambriddge University Press
- Traugott, Elizabeth C., "Regularity in semantic change" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- van der Auwera., "Modality's semantic map", Linguistic Typology, 2, pp.79~124 (1998)
- Van Valin., "Syntax : Structure, Meaning, and Function" (1997), Cambridge University Press
- Yae, Sunhee., "The grammaticalization approach to English ‘fear’-derived lexeme", Language and Linguistics, 56, pp.209~226 (2012)
- Yap, F. Ha., "Covert Patterns of Modality" (2012), Cambridge Scholars