How do Koreans break and cut things?: A cognitive-semantics approach to BREAK predicates and CUT predicates in Korean
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The aim of this paper is to explore the semantic properties and distributions of the various predicates involving cutting and breaking in Korean. I show that both CUT and BREAK predicates are sensitive to the characteristics of the theme entity. CUT predicates are sensitive to the theme’s texture and shape, to the prototypical zone of separation, and to its semantic domain. The BREAK predicates are sensitive to the theme’s texture and shape and to whether it is a functional artifact. In terms of morphosyntax, the CUT and BREAK predicates in Korean are lexically transitive; it is possible to express intransitive and/or inchoative semantics by using a passive marker or the anticausative marker. In the agent-focused constructions, i.e., actives, the BREAK verbs may be used with or without the causative morpheme -ttuli- (The CUT verbs are not normally marked for causativity). In the theme-focused constructions, i.e., passives and middles, either the anticausative morpheme -eci- or one of the passive morphemes must be used; the passive markers may only be used with CUT verbs, while the anticausative marker may be used with either. Some of the breaking predicates contain the completive auxiliary nay-, which overtly encodes that an action has been completed – in this case, that complete separation has occurred. Some of the other predicates entail that some particular result state, i.e. some particular type of separation, has occurred.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore the semantic properties and distributions of the various predicates involving cutting and breaking in Korean. I show that both CUT and BREAK predicates are sensitive to the characteristics of the theme entity. CUT predicates are sensitive to the theme’s texture and shape, to the prototypical zone of separation, and to its semantic domain. The BREAK predicates are sensitive to the theme’s texture and shape and to whether it is a functional artifact. In terms of morphosyntax, the CUT and BREAK predicates in Korean are lexically transitive; it is possible to express intransitive and/or inchoative semantics by using a passive marker or the anticausative marker. In the agent-focused constructions, i.e., actives, the BREAK verbs may be used with or without the causative morpheme -ttuli- (The CUT verbs are not normally marked for causativity). In the theme-focused constructions, i.e., passives and middles, either the anticausative morpheme -eci- or one of the passive morphemes must be used; the passive markers may only be used with CUT verbs, while the anticausative marker may be used with either. Some of the breaking predicates contain the completive auxiliary nay-, which overtly encodes that an action has been completed – in this case, that complete separation has occurred. Some of the other predicates entail that some particular result state, i.e. some particular type of separation, has occurred.
참고문헌 (17)
- Bohnemeyer, Jürgen, "Morpholexical transparency and the argument structure of verbs of cutting and breaking", Cognitive Linguistics, 18(2), pp.153~177 (2007)
- Essegbey, James, "Cut and break verbs in Sranan", Cognitive Linguistics, 18(2), pp.231~239 (2007)
- Guerssel, Mohamed, "The Parasession on Causatives and Agentivity atthe 21st Regional Meeting", pp.48~63 (1985), Chicago Linguistic Society
- "2002", 10
- Kim, Ahrim, "On-going grammaticalization of Korean verb nayta ‘put out’", Paper presented at New Reflections on Grammaticalization V, pp.16~19 (2012), University of Edinburgh
- 김경환, "Causative Morphemes as Pragmatic Intensifiers", 담화와 인지, 17(1), pp.1~20 (2010), 담화·인지언어학회[DOI]
- Kwon, Iksoo, "Viewpoints in the Korean verbal complex: Evidence, perception, assessment, and time", Doctor, pp.2012
- Lakoff, George, "Metaphors we live by" (1980), The University of Chicago Press
- Lakoff, George, "Philosophy in the flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to western thought" (1999), Basic Books
- Langacker, Ronald W, "Concept, image and symbol: The cognitive basis of grammar" (1991), Mouton de Gruyter
- Lee, Hyo-Sang, "Tense, aspect, and modality: A discourse-pragmatic analysis of verbal affixes in Korean from a typological perspective", Doctor, pp.1991
- Levin, Beth, "English verb classes and alternations: A preliminary investigation" (1993), University of Chicago Press
- Levin, Beth, "Unaccusativity: At the syntax-lexical semantics interface. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 26" (1995), The MIT Press
- 임동식, "한국어 보조동사 ‘-(어)지다’에 관한 소고: 어휘통사론적 접근", 언어, 40(4), pp.661~673 (2015), 한국언어학회
- Majid, Asifa, "The semantic categories of cutting and breaking events: A crosslinguistic perspective", Cognitive Linguistics, 18(2), pp.133~152 (2007)
- Narasimhan, Bhuvana, "Cutting, breaking, and tearing verbs in Hindi and Tamil", Cognitive Linguistics, 18(2), pp.195~205 (2007)
- Taylor, John R, "Semantic categories of cutting and breaking : Some final thoughts", Cognitive Linguistics, 18(2), pp.331~337 (2007)