양속기(兩屬期) 류큐(琉球) 개벽신화의 재편과 그 의미

Abstract

This research is a study of Ryukyu's creation myths in some history books. It examines the differences among the myths and analyses their mythological and political meaning in terms of "rewriting" myth and "canonizing" national history. Ryukyu had been the tributary state of China. After invade of Japan(satsuma) in 1609, Ryukyu must pay tribute to Japan. As the result, Ryukyu became the periphery of dual center, not only China but also Japan. In this period, Ryukyu published some history books like as "Chuzanseikan(中山世鑑)", "chuzanseihu(中山世譜)", and "kyuyou(球陽)", and recorded Ryukyu's creation myth in these history books. The recorded myths had some differences each other and are differ from the Ryukyu's original creation myth in "Omorosousi(おもろさうし)", too. Every myth was "rewrited" for intended purpose. The study begins from verification of the differences among the myths and interprets their mythogical meaning. The myth in "Chuzanseikan(中山世鑑)", means that Ryukyu is a God kingdom. Ryukyu's terrritory, hierachy and farming ritual has sacred origin. In "chuzanseihu(中山世譜)", the myth says that Ryukyu is the result of natural principle, "Yin and Yang(陰陽說)". Especially, the myth written by Saion(蔡溫), shows the territory of Ryukyu is not only the result if Yin and Yang but also the creature of divinity, too. These differences of meaning is the result of the writers' rewriting purpose. Under the tangled international circumstances, the aim of rewriting is to settle Ryukyu's national location. The myth in "Chuzanseikan(中山世鑑)" places Ryukyu on the periphery of Japan, for example, by imitating Japan's creation myth. Japan becomes the ideal future of Ryukyu in "Chuzanseikan(中山世鑑)". But the other books says that Ryukyu is the periphery of China. Saion(蔡溫)'s "chuzanseihu(中山世譜)" and ""kyuyou(球陽)" show that they seek for new way of Ryukyu with sustaining the old relation to China. The cause of their inclination is writer's lineage and educational background. The writers of "chuzanseihu(中山世譜)" and ""kyuyou(球陽)" are the scholars of Chinese classics and people of "kumemura(久米村)", where the posterity from China have lived in. This study approached the Ryukyu's creation myths of history books as the discourses about national position. These discourses are the origins of imagining Ryukyu as a community and looking for its national identity.