야쿠티아 만차르 설화의 신화적 이니시에이션 서사구조

Abstract

The results of examining the narrative structure of The Fable in Yakutia(Republic of Sakha) suggest that it is difficult to find birth, death, and rebirth stages, which are general in hero myths in the East and the West. Thus, this study compromised the narrative structure theory of M. Eliade and J. Campbell and shaped it into an introduction-search-return stage, and found that it relatively corresponded to the circular process of initiation and was proper to a mythological narrative structure. Hero Mancharr appearing in Yakutia's The Fable of Mancharr all protects suppression or oppression of brothers and show a high degree of patience. Hero myths suggest that the group worship of hero is premised and myths have the heroes as their main character. Sometimes heroes have the intent of leaving immortal history by guaranteeing group safety, achieving a great work, or recalling their contributions. Thus, most hero myths have a past memory or fantasy about immortal heroic acts as their main contents. But it is not thought that superhuman power outside of the body or magic is the essence of strong messages of hero myths. Despite bodily limitations or extreme human limitations, heroes propose wisdom for harmonizing the world with an unyielding will to offer themselves as sacrifices. Heroes' acts of hero myths give a unconscious power to individuals or groups by heightening our nature. At the same time, when we make a venture into a strange world, the memories of heroes become the light that lightens up our unstable soul and the frame of reference of our acts. Heroes in myths exist as seekers. In other words, heroes of myths are seekers who seek for a new value which can alter the existing custom. Such a search process aims at an essential value man should pursue. Unlike ancient myths which present their target of search clearly, the search process in a modern story, in many cases, becomes a trip to the inside. Since modern people have to establish truth by themselves in a situation where absolute truth can not be guaranteed, they may consider their inner thought as an essential area which can guarantee the certainty of truth. We may meet an archetype of mythologic search from modern heroes setting out on a wandering journey in search of their identity. Modern heroes' achievements to be fulfilled at present must be to discover our forgotten rich souls and group subconsciousness. If a mental meaning is not given in the modern world, a myth will not play any role.