원대 초기 유학과 왕악

Abstract

Some studies have suggest that Kim Goo (止浦 金坵, 1211-1278), a great scholar and bureaucrat of the late Goryeo Dynasty, may have introduced Neo-Confucianism to Goryeo before Ahn Hyang(安珦). This paper examines previous research on Kim Goo's interactions with Wang E (王鶚, 1190-1273) from the Yuan Dynasty. It aims to infer the characteristics of Confucianism that Kim Goo likely encountered through these exchanges by reviewing Wang E's activities, writings, and key figures involved in their interactions. Wang E passed the bureaucratic selection test at the end of the Jin Dynasty and entered government service. However, following the collapse of the Jin, he surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty and subsequently engaged closely with fellow Jin scholars in similar circumstances. The scholars who interacted with Wang E respected Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi, and excelled in practical skills. On the other hand, Wang E respected Wang Ruo-he and Zhao Bing-wen, of which Wang Ruo-he studied the Neo-Confucianism of Zhang Jiu-cheng and criticized its speculative nature based on Ouyang Xiu’s concept of ‘human emotion’. Furthermore, Wang E expressed the political idea of ‘the emperor and his servants jointly rule the country’ in his Runanyishi(汝南遺事). The analysis reveals that Wang E and his associates were influenced not by Neo-Confucianism but by Northern Song Dynasty thought, particularly the ideas of Ouyang Xiu. Therefore, even if Kim Goo was aware of Southern Song’s Neo-Confucianism, his close interactions with Wang E likely meant he was more influenced by Northern Song’s Confucian philosophy, especially the ideas of Ouyang Xiu.