고전 속 도덕적 딜레마를 활용한 논술교육 연구 - 국어 교과와 도덕 교과의 통합의 한 방향 -

Abstract

This thesis examines the teaching of essay writing using moral dilemmas in classic works. Essay writing is a kind of writing that involves problem solving, and classic works deal with issues that humanity has constantly faced. Among those issues, the moral dilemma was chosen in this study to teach essay writing. A moral dilemma is an issue where it is possible to debate its ethical pros and cons; this enables and generates lively writing. Moreover, moral dilemmas have no correct answer, and the process leading to the resolution is important. It is especially valuable in terms of discussing morality in ethical education. Therefore, it is used to diagnose the degree of moral development. For our research, we collected 40 essays written by college students on the topic of the moral dilemma in the novel “Crime and Punishment.” The analysis showed that the argumentation scheme of writing that deals with the value proposition is different from the scheme that deals with the policy proposition. In the case of policy propositions, the students mainly used causality and comparative schemes to determine the feasibility and profitability of the policy. In the case of the value proposition, we found that the students used many schemes that included the assumption of a higher proposition that covered their claim. The higher proposition, the premise, is tied into several types. Through our analysis, we were able to identify conflicting perspectives on utilitarianism, private punishment, and the possibility of human change in the responses. Students need to participate in discussions with each other in order to diagnose the ethical issues in the classic works in view of the moral developmental stages and to lead themselves to higher levels.