우리나라 Holstein 능력검정 젖소 집단의 혈통구조 및 근교계수 분석
Analysis of Pedigree Structure and Inbreeding Coefficient for Performance Tested Holstein Cows in Korea
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초록
본 연구는 우리나라의 Holstein 능력검정 암소집단의 혈통자료를 이용하여 근교계수 및 혈통구조를분석함으로써 Holstein 집단의 유전적 다양성 정도를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 2002년부터 2012년 사이에 태어난 Holstein 400,029두에 대한 능력검정 자료 및 509,740두에 대한 혈통정보를 이용하여분석하였다. 국내 지역별로 혈통완성도를 분석한 결과, 선조 3대까지의 조상을 알고 있는 개체의 비율은 경기, 강원, 충남, 충북, 경북, 경남, 전남, 전북, 제주 및 우리나라 전체에 대해 각각 55.18,23.49, 47.83, 53.62, 56.38, 51.35, 26.58, 49.41, 56.90 및 63.20%로 나타났다. 한편, 출생년도 별평균근교계수는 2002년부터 2012년까지의 년도별 평균 및 전체에 대해 각각 0.43, 0.44, 0.58, 0.64,0.78, 0.93, 1.08, 1.23, 1.46, 1.77, 2.03 및 0.93%로 추정되었다. 또한 아비에서 딸소까지 평균 세대간격은 8.15년으로 나타났으며, 어미에서 딸소까지 평균 세대간격은 4.20년으로 나타났다. 근교계수및 세대간격을 이용하여 추정한 국내 능력검정 젖소 집단의 유효집단크기는 2004, 2009 및 2012년에대해 각각 56.5, 51.3 및 32.2두로 추정되어 시간이 지남에 따라 유효집단의 크기가 감소하는 것으로추정되었다.
Abstract
The study was aimed to analyze pedigree structure and inbreeding coefficients forperformance tested Holstein cows in Korea. A total of 400,029 Holstein cows data which bornbetween 2002 and 2012 were obtained from Dairy Cattle Improvement Center of NationalAgricultural Cooperative Federation(NACF). Their related pedigrees, as obtained from KoreanAnimal Improvement Association(KAIA), consisted of 509,740 animals. Pedigree depth of thecows were traced back to 3 generations earlier. The percentage of cows with fully identifiedancestors in various provinces of Korea were 55.18%(Gyeonggi-do), 23.49%(Gangwon-do),47.83%(Chungcheongnam-do), 53.62%(Chungcheongbuk-do), 56.38%(Gyeongsangbuk-do), 51.35%(Gyeongsangnam-do), 26.58%(Jeollanam-do), 49.41%(Jeollabuk-do), and 56.90%(Jeju-do), whereas,it was about 63.20% as a whole in Korea. The average inbreeding coefficients showed increment across the consecutive years of birth such as, 0.43(2002), 0.44(2003), 0.58(2004),0.64(2005), 0.78(2006), 0.93(2007), 1.08(2008), 1.23(2009), 1.46(2010), 1.77(2011), and 2.03(2012). However, this coefficient was 0.93 in overall Korean population. An average generationinterval for sire to daughter genetic path was 8.15 years; which was about 4.20 yearsconsidering dam to daughter genetic path. The estimated effective population sizes ( ) were56.5, 51.3, and 32.2 animals born in 2004, 2009, and 2012, respectively. These results indicatedthat an increased rate of inbreeding has led to a significant reduction in the over thedecade.
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