한우 암소집단의 혈통구조 및 근교계수 분석
The analysis of pedigree structure and inbreeding coefficient in Hanwoo cows
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본 연구는 한우암소검정사업을 통하여 수집된 자료를 이용하여 한우 집단의 근교계수 및 혈통구조를분석함으로써 한우 집단의 유전적 다양성 정도를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 한우 암소 데이터는 9개 도에서 2000년부터 2012년에 출생한 228,177두에 대한 정보 및 이들과 혈연관계가 있는 440,429두에 대한혈통정보를 이용하여 분석하였다. 각 지역별 평균 근교계수는 강원도 0.63%, 경기도 0.46%, 경상남도0.49%, 경상북도 0.48%, 전라남도 0.71%, 전라북도 0.51%, 충청남도 0.40%, 충청북도 0.61%, 제주도0.55%로 나타났으며, 선조 3세대까지의 조상을 알고 있는 개체의 비율은 동일한 지역에서 각각 80.0%,79.3%, 75.5%, 76.8%, 77.3%, 71.6%, 75.4%, 79.3% 및 73.3%였다. 또한 아비에서 딸소까지 평균 세대간격은 7.63년으로 나타났으며, 어미에서 딸소까지 평균세대간격은 4.11년으로 나타났다. 근교계수 및세대간격의 정보를 이용하여 유효집단의 크기를 추정한 결과 2000년생부터 2005년생까지가 215두,2006년생부터 2010년생까지가 140두, 2011년생부터 2012년생까지가 77두로 추정되어 시간이 지남에 따라 유효집단의 크기가 감소는 것으로 추정되었다. 따라서 한우 집단의 근교율을 감소시키면서 유전적 개량량을 극대화 할 수 있는 한우 암소 맞춤형 교배 전략 및 모니터링 시스템이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The study was aimed to perform the analysis of pedigree structure and inbreeding coefficientin Hanwoo cows. Animal identification data and their pedigree information (440,429 heads) of228,177 Hanwoo cows that were born from 2000 till 2010 and that were raised inperformance testing farm groups of 9 provinces in Korea were collected by the Korean AnimalImprovement Association. The average inbreeding coefficients in our cow test populations inGangwon-do, Gyeonggi-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Jeollanam-do, Jeollabuk-do,Chungcheongnam-do, Chungcheongbuk-do and Jeju-do provinces were 0.63%, 0.46%, 0.49%,0.48%, 0.71%, 0.51%, 0.40%, 0.61% and 0.55%, respectively. And their percentages of cowswith fully identified ancestors when their pedigree structures were traced back up to 3generations were 80.0%, 79.3%, 75.5%, 76.8%, 77.3%, 71.6%, 75.4%, 79.3% and 73.3% inrespective provincial test populations. The average generation interval of sire-daughter geneticpath was 7.63 years and that of dam-daughter genetic path was 4.11 years. The estimatedeffective population sizes (Ne) were 215 in the cow groups born from 2000 to 2005, 140 in the cow groups born from 2006 to 2010 and 77 in the cow groups born from 2011 to 2012. Theseresults indicated that an increased rate of inbreeding led to a reduction in Ne and loss ofgenetic diversity over time. Therefore, optimizing the mating schemes and advised monitoringthe rate of inbreeding are required to control the effective population size and to maintaingenetic diversity enough to make Hanwoo cattle population capable of faster genetic progress.
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