다양한 환경요인에 따른 국내 홀스타인 젖소의 유방형질 실측치 변화 연구
A Study on Changes in Udder Traits of Korean Holstein Dairy Cattle according to Various Environmental Factors
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초록
본 연구는 2019년부터 2021년 9월까지 수집된 홀스타인 젖소 19,930두의 자료를 수집하였으며, 3 SD (Standard Deviation, SD) 범위에서벗어나는 이상치를 제외한, 8,675두를 분석에 이용하였다. 자료분석은 Statistical Analysis System (SAS) 9.4 software를 사용하였고, 뒷유방높이,뒷유방너비, 유방깊이, 유두길이 및 유두둘레의 실측치를 사용하였다. 그리고 뒷유방높이, 뒷유방너비, 유방깊이, 유두길이 및 유두둘레의 실측치와산차, 305일 유량, 비유단계 및 착유속도의 환경요인의 효과를 추정하였다. 산차와 유량이 증가함에 따라 뒷유방너비, 유두길이 및 유두둘레의실측치는 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며(p < 0.0001), 비유단계에 따라서 뒷유방너비 및 유방깊이의 실측치는 비유단계가 증가할수록유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.0001). 각 환경효과에 따른 유방형질 실측치의 표현형 상관의 결과에서는 뒷유방너비와 유방깊이실측치가 산차 및 유량수준에 대해 높은 상관을 나타냈으며, 특히, 유방형질 중 유방깊이 실측치와 산차에 대해 -0.40 ~ -0.67로 높은 음(-)의상관을 보였다. 본 연구 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 유방형질이 유생산에 밀접한 관련이 있는 만큼 중요한 형질로 취급되어야 하며, 이들의 기초연구와함께 유전적 특성을 구명하는 등 더 많은 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study, data from 19,930 Holstein cows collected from 2019 to September 2021 were collected, and 8,675 cows were used foranalysis, excluding outliers outside the 3 SD (Standard Deviation, SD) range. Statistical Analysis System (SAS) 9.4 software was usedfor data analysis, and the measured values of posterior rear udder height, rear udder width, udder depth, teat length and teat diameterwere used. The effects of environmental factors such as rear udder height, rear udder width, udder depth, teat length and teat diameter,parity, 305 days in milk, lactation stage, and milking speed were estimated, The measured values of posterior udder width, teat length,and teat diameter significantly increased with the increase in parity and milk yield (p < 0.0001), according to the lactation stage, themeasured values of rear udder width and udder depth decreased significantly as the lactation stage increased (p < 0.0001). In addition,a phenotypic correlation of the measured values of udder traits according to each environmental effect were estimated. The measuredvalues of rear udder width and udder depth showed a high correlation with parity and milk yield, In particular, it showed a high negativecorrelation between -0.40 and -0.67 with respect to the measured value of udder depth and parity among udder traits. Judging fromthe results of this study, these traits should be treated as an important trait as it is closely related to milk production, It is thoughtthat more research needs to be carried out, such as finding out the genetic characteristics along with their basic research.
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