국내 Holstein 젖소의 유생산 형질과 유방 및지제 선형심사 형질에 대한 유전모수 추정
Estimation of Genetic Parameter for Milk Production and Linear Type Traits in Holstein Dairy Cattle in Korea
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본 연구는 국내 Holstein 젖소의 유생산 및 선형심사 형질의 유전적 특성을 파악하기 위해 실시하였다. 자료는 2009년 1월부터 2013년 4월까지 분만한 1산차인 Holstein 젖소 10,218두의 능력검정 자료와 유방 및 지제의 선형심사 자료를 이용하였고, 능력검정 자료 및 선형심사 자료는 각각 농협중앙회젖소개량사업소 및 사)한국종축개량협회에서 수집한 자료이며, 사)한국종축개량협회의 33,436두에 대한혈통정보를 분석에 활용하였다. 각 형질의 유전모수 추정은 Animal Model에 근거하여 개발 된WOMBAT package를 이용하였으며, 추정된 유전분산 및 잔차분산을 이용하여 유전력을 계산하였다. 유량(MY), 유지방량(FY), 유단백량(PY), 유지방율(FP), 유단백율(PP) 및 체세포지수(SCS)의 유전력은각각 0.128, 0.144, 0.100, 0.273, 0.333 및 0.090이었으며, 유방깊이(UD), 유방질(UT), 정중제인대(MS), 앞유방 붙음성(FUA), 앞유두 위치(FTP), 뒷유방 높이(RAH), 뒷유방 너비(RAW), 뒷유두 위치(RTP), 유두길이(FTL), 발굽기울기(FA), 뒤꿈치 깊이(HD), 뼈질(BQ), 옆에서 본 뒷다리(RLSV), 뒤에서 본 뒷다리(RLRV) 및 보행성(LC)에 대해 각각 0.179, 0.066, 0.104, 0.109, 0.127, 0.099, 0.059,0.069, 0.154, 0.014, 0.010, 0.052, 0.065, 0.175 및 0.031로 추정되었다. MY와 UD, UT, FTP,RAW, FTL, FA 및 RLSV의 유전상관은 각각 0.334, 0.271, 0.445, 0.544, 0.076, -0.281 및 –0.228이었고, PP와 MS, FTP, RTP, FTL, FA, BQ, RLSV, RLRV 및 LC의 유전상관은 각각 -0.147,-0.182, -0.262, -0.136, 0.355, 0.311, 0.135, 0.233 및 0.143으로 나타났다. 특히, MY는 RAW와가장 높은 정의상관(0.544)을 나타낸 반면, SCS는 LC와 가장 높은 부의상관(-0.603)을 나타냈다. FP는 대부분의 유방 선형심사형질과 부의상관 관계를 나타낸 반면, FP는 지제 선형심사형질과 정의상관(0.056~0.355) 관계를 나타냈다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate genetic parameters for milk production and linear typetraits in Holstein dairy cattle in Korea. The data including milk yields, fat yields, protein yields,fat percent, protein percent, somatic score and 15 linear type traits for 10,218 first parity cowscollected by Dairy Cattle Improvement Center, National Agricultural Cooperative, Korea, whichwere calving from January 2009 to April 2013. Genetic and error (co)variances between two traits selected form 19 traits were estimated using bi-trait pairwise analyses with WOMBATpackage. The estimated heritabilities for milk yield(MY), fat yield(FY), protein yield(PY), fatpercent(FP), protein percent(PP), somatic cell score(SCS), udder depth(UD), udder texture(UT),median suspensory(MS), fore udder attachment(FUA), front teat placement (FTP), rear attachmentheight(RAH), rear attachment width(RAW), rear teat placement(RTP), front teat length(FTL), footangle(FA), heel depth(HD), bone quality(BQ), rear legs side view(RLSV), rear legs rearview(RLRV) and locomotion(LC) were 0.128, 0.144, 0.100, 0.273, 0.333, 0.090, 0.179, 0.066,0.104, 0.109, 0.127, 0.099, 0.059, 0.069, 0.154, 0.014, 0.010, 0.052, 0.065, 0.175 and 0.031,respectively. Among the genetic correlations, UD, UT, FTP, RAW, FTL, FA and RLSV withMY were -0.334, 0.271, 0.445, 0.544, 0.076, -0.281 and -0.228, respectively, and MS, FTP,RTP, FTL, FA, BQ, RLSV, RLRV and LC with PP were -0.147, -0.182, -0.262, -0.136, 0.355,0.311, 0.135, 0.233 and 0.143, respectively. Especially, MY had the highest positive geneticcorrelation with RAW (0.544), while SCS had the highest negative genetic correlation with LC(-0.603). FP had negative genetic correlation with most udder traits, whereas, FP had positivegenetic correlation with leg and hoof traits (0.056 – 0.355).
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