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지중점적시스템을 이용한 관비처리가 감자의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향

Effect on Potato Growth and Productivity by Subsurface Drip Fertiligation

노일래|조영손|오승가|문석주
농업생명과학연구원 (Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)|2024|농업생명과학연구 (Journal of Agriculture & Life Science)|제58권 제3호|pp. 37-46|DOI 10.14397/jals.2024.58.3.37

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감자Water managementIrrigation관비식량작물지중점적FertigationFood cropSubsurface

초록

지구온난화로 인한 물 부족에 대응하고, 작물 생산의 극대화를 위한 효율적인 방법의 하나로 지중점적 관비 시스템이 주목받고 있다. 하지만,우리나라에서 식량작물에 적용된 지중점적 관비 효과에 대한 이해 및 이와 관련 시스템 개발은 아직 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 지중점적 시스템을이용한 관수 및 관비처리(SF)가 감자(Solanum tuberosum L.)의 생장 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 지중점적 처리를위해, 경상국립대학교 시험포장(600 m2)에서 점적관(Ø 14.1 ㎜, 1.6 L h-1)을 80 ㎝ 간격으로 40 ㎝ 깊이에 매설하였다. 감자의 표준시비량(N-P-K:100-88-130 ㎏ ha-1) 중의 일정량을 기비로 시용한 후, 잔여 시비량인 N-P-K: 50-40-40 kg ha-1을 절반씩 괴경형성기(4월 29일)와 괴경비대기(5월17일)에 각각 나누어 관비하였다. 대조구(CF)는 전량 기비로 시용하였다. 지중점적 관비 처리시 토양 20㎝ 깊이의 수분함량은 대조구 9.6%, 지중점적처리구 55.1%로 지중점적처리구의 수분함량이 45.5% 더 높았기 때문에, 관비처리가 잘 수행되었다고 판단되었다. 관비 후 생육특성 조사에서지중점적처리구와 대조구 간 차이가 없었지만, 수량특성 조사에서는 지중점적처리구가 괴경 직경이 56.0 ㎜로 가장 굵었고, 괴경수 또한 11.6개로가장 많게 나타나 대조구와 약 12~18%의 차이를 보였다. 상서용 수량 또한, 지중점적처리구가 3,402 kg 10a-1로 대조구 대비 약 10% 더 많았다. 따라서, 봄 감자 재배시 지중점적시스템을 이용한 관비처리가 수량 향상에 도움을 주는 것으로 판단되나, 토성에 따른 투수성 등의 차이로 인한여러 문제점이 존재할 수 있어, 국내의 노지재배 작물에 지중점적시스템을 적용하여 다양한 토성에서의 체계적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Abstract

The subsurface drip fertigation system is attracting attention as an efficient method to respond to water shortages caused by globalwarming and maximize crop production. However, in food crop cultivation in Korea, there is a lack of understanding of the effectsof subsurface drip fertilization and the development of related systems. This study was conducted to determine how fertigation usingan subsurface drip system affected the growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). For subsurface drip fertigation treatment(SF), drip pipes (Ø 14.1 mm, 1.6 L h-1) were buried at 40 cm soil depth at 80 cm row intervals in the Gyeongsang National Universitytest field (583 m2). After applying a certain amount of the standard rate of fertilizer (N-P-K: 100-88-130 kg ha-1) of potatoes as basalfertilizer, half of the remaining fertilization rate (N-P-K: 50-40-40 kg ha-1) is applied during the tuber formation stage (April 29) andtuber enlargement stage (May 17). The control (CF) was applied as all basal fertilizer. After fertilizing with subsurface drip system,the moisture content at a depth of 20 cm in the soil was 9.6% in the CF and 55.1% in the SF. Since the moisture content in theSF was 45.5% higher, it could be said that the fertilization treatment was performed well. In the growth characteristics, there was nodifference between the SF and CF, but in the yield characteristics, the SF had the thickest tuber diameter at 56.0 mm and the largest number of tubers at 11.6, which was different from the CF. The amount of marketable tuber yield was also 3,402 kg 10a-1 in theSF, which was about 10% more than CF. Therefore, it is believed that fertigation using subsurface drip system when growing springpotatoes helps improve yield, but various problems may exist due to differences in water permeability depending on soil types. Whengrowing food crops using the underground drip system in Korea, systematic research on various soil types is considered necessary.

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