커뮤니티 기반 생태관광의 연구 : 멕시코 유카탄을 사례로
A Study on Community Based Ecotourism: A Case of Yucatán in Mexico
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This study firstly reviews the definition and significance of ecotourism. It also investigates the significance of the community based ecotourism by considering the emergence of the community-centered development strategy. It further looks into the role, significance, and problem of tourism players in the process of implementation of community based ecotourism based on the experience of ecotourism in the northern peninsular of Yucatán in Mexico. The concept of ecotourism was suggested from the development process of Yucatán peninsular in Mexico in 1980s. It is argued that the ecotourism can satisfy the two goals of the creation of social and economic revenues for the community and the natural environment preservation. The ecotourism is focused on natural regions and customer’s satisfaction. It also centers on education, environment preservation, and cultural respect. The significance of ecotourism includes responsible tourism for the tourists and regional resident’s participation to tourism in the perspective of economy, environment and society. The wild creature management led by government was failed and new and innovative preservation policy was required. The policy was called as community based natural resource management or community preservation area. Such a policy assumes that providing the benefit for production community is connected to the preservation. In the effect of neoliberalism, most developing countries experienced retreat of government role and regional communities realized the responsibility for restoration of local life environment. Thus, the community based ecotourism was emerged as an alternative of existing models. The programs of ecotourism of northern Yucatán in Mexico include Pac-chen village for original residents, historic sites of Mayan culture, and tropical forest as tourism attraction. The practical implementing subjects of that program were tourism company, guides, and participant residents for supporting tourists. The tourists were foreigners from developed countries.
Abstract
This study firstly reviews the definition and significance of ecotourism. It also investigates the significance of the community based ecotourism by considering the emergence of the community-centered development strategy. It further looks into the role, significance, and problem of tourism players in the process of implementation of community based ecotourism based on the experience of ecotourism in the northern peninsular of Yucatán in Mexico. The concept of ecotourism was suggested from the development process of Yucatán peninsular in Mexico in 1980s. It is argued that the ecotourism can satisfy the two goals of the creation of social and economic revenues for the community and the natural environment preservation. The ecotourism is focused on natural regions and customer’s satisfaction. It also centers on education, environment preservation, and cultural respect. The significance of ecotourism includes responsible tourism for the tourists and regional resident’s participation to tourism in the perspective of economy, environment and society. The wild creature management led by government was failed and new and innovative preservation policy was required. The policy was called as community based natural resource management or community preservation area. Such a policy assumes that providing the benefit for production community is connected to the preservation. In the effect of neoliberalism, most developing countries experienced retreat of government role and regional communities realized the responsibility for restoration of local life environment. Thus, the community based ecotourism was emerged as an alternative of existing models. The programs of ecotourism of northern Yucatán in Mexico include Pac-chen village for original residents, historic sites of Mayan culture, and tropical forest as tourism attraction. The practical implementing subjects of that program were tourism company, guides, and participant residents for supporting tourists. The tourists were foreigners from developed countries.
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