피란수도 부산의 일제강점기 유산 활용에 관한 일고찰 - 아미동 ‘비석마을’의 역사적 배경을 중심으로

Abstract

This study considers the Japanese cemetery in Ami-dong as a modern cultural heritage and considers the Ami-dong 'Biseok Village' as an example of the transformation of Japanese colonial era heritage. To this end, let's first look at the nature of the Japanese colonial era heritage that the Japanese cemetery built in colonial Joseon implies. Graveyard of early Japanese residents and community strengths is denial, before corrective to dokppuga naeji to promote stable settlement of a disturbing factor. As a way to solve this problem at an early date and establish Japanese authority at the same time, the Governor-General plans modern cremation facilities. In addition, Joseon's burial culture led to conflicts with the government-general's land development plan and business expansion of Japanese businessmen. To improve this, the Governor-General issues the cemetery rules and manages all cemetery facilities under government initiatives. Due to the Government-General's policy of cemeteries, Japanese cemeteries and crematoriums in Tanimachi and Ami-dong were managed as modern facilities and parks, which continued to be used until after Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule. Paradoxically, the Japanese cemetery in Ami-dong, which was modernized as a park, is considered more sanitary and other facilities than other residential sites during the period of the Piran capital, and the change of heritage occurs along with the change of perception of Japanese graves. Residents of Biseok Village in Amidong were Japanese colonial era Joseon's poor, Korean residents returning to Busan after Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule, refugees from the Korean War, and demolished people who were pushed into the urban industrialization process from Japanese colonial era to the evacuation period, creating characteristics of Amidong. Therefore, the history of the 'Biseok Village' formation process in Amidong is not limited to the period of the evacuation of the Japanese colonial era cultural heritage. If Japanese colonial era is added to the Busan heritage site, it will help overcome the value of the heritage itself as a low cultural asset.