마을공동체 제의 관련 유무형 공유자원의 활용방안

Abstract

The utilization of tangible and intangible village-shared resources in communal rituals has been formatted and transmitted in agricultural areas and coastal areas. “Byulshin-gut” type of rituals (big scale and shamanism formation) and “dongje” (洞祭) are the core of identity in rural and coastal villages. However, the tradition of natural redistribution through communal rituals of tangible and intangible village-shared resources is now at risk of getting lost as it is turning into a dysfunctional (negative) direction. The redistribution of tangible and intangible village-shared resources is an operation principle of the community that must stand strong in any area and any era, but it has failed to be exercised smoothly and this problem has only grown larger. Each ritual group, including rural districts, urbanized rural villages and coastal villages, can said to function as a transmission group of community faith and, adversely, as an exclusive interest group within a village. As a social organization transferred down from the traditional society, it should be an exemplary model for beautiful and fine customs, but in reality, it shows the aspects of an interest group of a few individuals armed with capitalistic spirit. In villages, which are often considered to have a community spirit different from the city along with beautiful customs and thus be slow to be capitalized, in away, one can observe the most capitalistic thinking and actions taking place. The aspects of ritual groups and “maeul gut” are explicit mirrors of Korean society reflecting the rapid changes in society and the reality of its side effects. At the same time, the exclusivity has also intensified and led to frequent failures of communication with “bozonhoi”(保存會, group of performing village folklore), “ouchongye”(漁村契, group of fishermen) or villagers, resulting in troubled relationships in terms of social capital. Such conflicts now have a bad influence on the transmission of “byulshin-gut” type of rituals and “dongje”, which are the central axis of the identity of rural and coastal villages. Therefore, we need to rebuild a tradition of basic income and social capital through the regeneration and reoperation of village folklore.