적석부 함몰양상으로 본 적석목곽묘의 목곽 높이

Abstract

This paper re-estimates the height of wooden chambers by examining the volume and depth of collapsed areas in five Silla tombs, including the main and subsidiary chambers of the southern tomb, the northern tomb of Hwangnamdaechong, Cheonmachong, and Jjoksaem Tombs No. 41 and 44, which have relatively well-preserved collapse patterns. The study found that for the main and subsidiary chambers of the southern tomb, the northern tomb of Hwangnamdaechong, and Jjoksaem Tombs No. 41 and 44, the newly estimated heights of the wooden chambers were within a similar range to the previously reported heights. However, significant discrepancies were identified in the reported heights for the southern tomb's artifact chamber and Cheonmachong. These chambers had been reconstructed at much lower heights than estimated, due to differences in collapse patterns. During the excavation of the southern and northern tombs of Hwangnamdaechong and Cheonmachong, the initial points where decayed wooden material related to the wooden chambers were observed were taken as the topmost points, leading to the height estimations. As a result, in the southern tomb's artifact chamber and Cheonmachong, where the collapse extended beyond the wooden chamber's boundaries, decayed wooden material was identified at much lower levels compared to the main chamber of the southern tomb and the northern tomb of Hwangnamdaechong, causing the wooden chambers to be underestimated in height. The continuous misestimation of the wooden chambers' heights was due to not considering the volume and depth of the collapsed areas and only relying on the height where decayed wooden material was found. Therefore, the height of the southern tomb's artifact chamber was newly estimated to be 280-300 cm instead of the previous 130 cm, and Cheonmachong was newly estimated to be 350-410 cm instead of the previous 210 cm. In conclusion, it is confirmed that all medium-to-large-scale wooden chamber tombs with stone mounds have wooden chambers with heights exceeding 3 meters, and the collapse patterns indicate that the interiors feature double-layered structures with stone platforms.