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유아의 기질이 도덕적 정서에 미치는 영향: 어머니 훈육방식의 매개효과

The mediating effect of mother's discipline on the relationship between temperament and moral emotion in early children

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

이 연구는 유아의 기질이 도덕적 정서와 관계하며, 어머니의 훈육방식이 기질과 도덕적 정서 관계를 매개할 수 있음을 확인하기 위해 유아의 외향성, 부정적 정서, 주의통제 기질이 어머니의 비처벌 및 처벌 훈육방식, 도덕적 정서와 상관관계가 있는지 파악하고, 어머니의 훈육방식이 매개효과를 갖는지 살펴보았다. 이상의 연구문제를 검증하기 위해 S, G, B 지역에 거주하는 만 3, 4, 5세 유아 91명의 어머니를 대상으로 설문지를 통해 해당 유아의 기질과 도덕적 정서, 어머니가 평소에 자주 사용하는 훈육방식을 측정하였다. 연구결과 유아의 기질 중 부정적 정서와 주의통제가 어머니의 훈육방식 및 유아의 도덕적 정서와 유의한 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 어머니의 비처벌적 훈육방식은 유아의 주의통제 기질이 도덕적 정서에 미치는 영향을 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 이 연구는 유아의 연령과 성별을 통제했을 때 주의통제 기질을 보이는 유아일수록 어머니가 비처벌 훈육방식을 자주 사용하며, 비처벌 훈육방식이 빈번해질수록 유아의 도덕적 정서가 높아진다는 점을 입증하였다. 이는 유아 개인 요인인 기질에 따라 어머니 사회화로서 적합한 훈육방식을 사용하는 것이 유아의 도덕적 정서 발달에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study suggested the correlation of temperament, mother’s discipline, and moral emotion in early children and the mediating effect of mother’s discipline on the relationship between early children’s temperament and moral emotion. Study participants were 91 three- to five-year-old children. Participants were selected from daycare centers in S, G B. Children’s mothers were asked to respond to questionnaires to investigate children’s temperament, her discipline, and moral emotion. Statistical methods including frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression were used for data analysis. The results reveal that early children’s temperament correlated with mother’s discipline and children’s moral emotion and children who have the control effortful temperament have a mother who use the non-punishment discipline, then have moral emotion more than other temperament.

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