마음챙김의 방법으로서 음악심상: 예비음악치료사의 경험을 중심으로
Music and Imagery as a Method for Mindfulness: Exploration of Music Therapy Interns’ Experiences
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 마음챙김 방법으로써 음악심상기법(music and imagery, 이하 MI)을 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 예비음악치료사를 대상으로 집단 MI를 시행하고 참여자의 경험을 분석하였다. 집단 MI는 총 8회기가 시행되었고 음악치료 인턴훈련과정에 있는 예비음악치료사 11명이 참여하였다. 이들의 MI경험에서 마음챙김 상태에 해당하는 요소가 나타나는지를 분석하기 위해 MI세션동안의 참여자 언어 반응을 녹취하여 필사한 후 수정된 근거이론방법을 적용하여 경험의 차원과 속성을 분석하였다. 분석에 앞서 연구자는 선행연구를 고찰하여 다양한 용어로 정의되고 있는 광범위한 마음챙김의 범위를 ‘자각하기’, ‘수용하기’, ‘거리두기’로 규명하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면, 참여자의 음악심상 경험에서 마음챙김에 해당하는 의미단위 114개를 발견하였다. 이로부터 7개의 하위범주, 즉 ‘정서’, ‘감각’, ‘사고’, ‘대면’, ‘관점 확장’, ‘정서분리’, ‘감각분리’가 나타났다. 범주화에서 나타난 참여자 경험을 통해 음악과 심상이 마음챙김 상태를 촉진하는 매체임을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 참여자 경험의 속성이 유사한 반면 차원에는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, ‘자각하기’는 ‘수용하기’와 ‘거리두기’에 선행하는 상태인 것으로 확인되었다. 이에 본 연구의 제언으로 음악과 심상의 어떠한 특성이 마음챙김 상태에 기여하는지와 그 경험의 과정에 기여하는 다양한 요인에 관한 심층 탐색을 제안하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the use of music and imagery (MI) as a method for promoting mindfulness. A total of 11 music therapy interns participated in an MI group over 8 weeks. Statements from participants during the program were transcribed and analyzed using the method of modified grounded theory. The results showed that the participants’ statements fell into three categories: awareness, acceptance, and distancing. For each category, subcategories were identified. For the category of awareness, the subcategories were emotion, sensation, and thoughts. For the acceptance category, the subcategories were facing and broadening viewpoints. For the distancing category, the subcategories were dissociation from emotions. Each subcategory was further analyzed. The results showed that the participants’ experiences were similar to one another in terms of type but differed in terms of dimension varied. These results support the use of MI for increasing mindfulness and reducing burnout in music therapy interns. Further studies are recommended to investigate the factors for the experience of mindfulness induced by MI processes.
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