음악 체험에서 카타르시스 경험에 기여한 음악의 역할에 대한 질적 분석
A Qualitative Analysis of the Role of Music Contributing to Catharsis During Music Experience
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본 연구는 카타르시스 경험에 기여한 음악의 역할 및 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 음악을 통해 특정한 감정을 분출하거나 완화한 경험이 있는 일반 성인 12명을 대상으로 하여, 음악 내 카타르시스 경험을 탐구한 경험적 현상학적 연구를 수행하였다. 자료수집과 분석에는 현상학적 환원, 태도변경, 문헌 해석, 해석학적 순환 등이 활용되었다. 연구결과 총 3개의 범주, 5개의 주제모음 및 11개의 주제가 도출되었다. 첫 번째 범주인 ‘음악을 통한 지금-여기’는 ‘심미적 경험’, ‘음악적 참신함의 확장’ 2개의 주제모음으로 구성되었으며, 두 번째 범주인 ‘음악을 통한 내면의 접촉’은 ‘내재된 정서 재경험’ 1개의 주제모음, 세 번째 범주인 ‘음악경험에의 몰입’은 ‘감정의 분출 및 심화’, ‘내적 역동’ 2개의 주제모음으로 구성되었다. 논의에서는 도출한 결과를 중심으로 음악의 카타르시스적 특성에 대해 세 가지로 설명하였는데, 첫째, 음악의 심미성과 참신함이 참여자들을 음악경험에 온전히 머무르게 하였고, 둘째, 음악과 관련된 기억 및 미해결된 감정이 내재된 정서 재경험을 유도하였으며, 셋째, 음악의 구성요소별 특성이 감정의 분출, 심화, 내적 역동을 촉진하였다는 점이다. 본 연구는 일반 성인의 카타르시스 경험에 기여한 음악의 특성에 대해 질적으로 접근한 연구라는 점에 그 의의가 있다.
Abstract
This study explored the role and characteristics of music that contributed to experiences of catharsis in music. An empirical phenomenological study was conducted to explore catharsis with 12 adults. Phenomenological reduction, change of attitude, literature interpretation, and hermeneutic circle were used for data collection and analysis. As a result, three categories, five themes, and 11 sub-themes were identified. The first category, here and now in music consisted of two themes: aesthetic experiences and expansion of musical novelty. The second category, inner connection through music consisted of one theme, re-experience of internal emotions. The third category, immersion and engagement in music consisted of two themes: ventilating or deepening of emotions and internal dynamics. Based on these results, the cathartic characteristics of music are discussed. First, the aesthetics and novelty of music kept participants fully stay in music. Second, music induced a re-experiencing of emotions by triggering memories or stimulating unresolved emotions. Third, the elements of music promoted emotional ventilation, deepening, and internal dynamics. This study is meaningful because it qualitatively examined the roles and characteristics of music that contribute to cathartic experience in the general adult population.
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