동중국해권 민가의 聖域에 관한 연구

Abstract

The skirts of East China Sea can be considered as one similar culture within a similar environment sharing Kuroshio current and a seasonal wind. These areas share their own compounded dwelling culture which comes from northern continents and southern countries from prehistoric times. A social and cultural context can be understood through the process of adopting other cultures and naturalization in commoner’s houses. The influences of Korea, China and Japan transformed commoner’s houses after modern times. First, the myths of these areas usually concerned with the ocean and women are the main characters of the story. A sterile environment made a half-farming and half-fishing or a half-farming and half-collecting living. It also made a clear gender role on manual works. Although a matricentric and a collateral society influenced by southern culture is a little still remained in the family composition, they also had kept a patriarchal system influenced by northern continental culture in the upper class and the city. The structure of the living didn’t have a hierarchy by distinction of gender but a horizontal spatial composition by generation and function. Second, these areas had local belief based on animism and ancestor worship, and deity of one´s family had a close relation with woman, agriculture and fire. The diety in the kitchen, the granary and the toilet are mostly a female and the priests are a female, too. After Buddhism and Confucianism were introduced from Korea, China and Japan, male priests also performed a religious service.