고대 한국의 군사적 전통과 병학의 형성

Abstract

Military tradition at the Gojoseon is origin of military philosophy in the Korea. She was early nation at the Bronze Age and the early Iron one, be certain that weapon was manufactured and used, the thought of heavenly Gods and chosen-people appeared when the ruler reinforced governing philosophy. Especially, she was intense about militarism and military- oriented character, did hard line with neighbor nations. By the geological condition, she did the first defense the later attack strategy as defensive one, this one was inherited to the Goguryeo. Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla overflowed martial spirit at the overall society. As ancient nation character, the Three State overall society had firm military appearance. The Silla occasion, owed national level concern and promotion with Buddhism and the code of Silla chivalry, martial spirit and defense spirit sublimated national spirit value. At the Silla society, it can noticeable that loyalty and filial piety thought decide their sense of nationalism and sense of life of death with Buddhism. But, the formerly strategy was introduced before acceptance of China military science book at the Three States. Goguryeo strategy was composed of burnt ground tactics and let hard work our side rest tactics to cope China traditional tactics ‘separation movement combining attack’ this kind defense fortress warfare induced attrition one to erase enemy capability, established 2 fortress defense system with plain fortress to use natural terrain and mountain fortress.  The Three States generalized military science knowledge without critical mind when they accepted China any military science books. Bubunno played active role at the Hsianpei invasion at the BC 9, Eulduji did at the later Han’s Liaodung Forces invasion at the AD 98, Myeorimdabu confronted against Gyeomrimgun, Han minister at the AD 172, Goguryeo produced this military science master. Especially, the strategy by the Myeorimdabu got many points at the tactical principle side with Suntza ping or the other any military theory, even though it was not exactly coincide with them. Goguryeo Strategy and tactics defeated Han forces at the Choawon Battle in nov, 172 AD, this result was originated by the accumulation of Goguryeo military science. Anyway, the Three States introduced Buddhism or Confucianism from China, accepted Chinese character, too. The China military science book propagated to the Three States with the Chinese character introduction. But, it is considered that they had firm development intention to further own military science than China military science. Furthermore PaekJe men handed down military science to the Japan at the Three States days. It is not certain that introduction military science to Japan, Baekje own one or China one, be evaluated that a part correspond to the Baekje style mountain fortress. After Unified Silla, military science or military book clearly appeared. Ankuk tactics appeared at the AD 766. Mr. Kim Am learned necromancer magic at the Tang dynasty, wrote modifying reality doctrine, appointed Sacheon great master when he returned home, taught 6 battle formation at the off-season for farming. It was great fashionable tactics at the Tang dynasty, introduced and applied to the Silla, this fact inform that she maintained battle formation study and development.