남녀 근로자의 가족친화문화인식과 남녀평등문화인식이 조직몰입에 미치는 효과
The effect of perceived family friendly culture and perceived gender equality culture on organizational commitment
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본 연구는 한국여성정책연구원에서 실시한 『여성인력패널조사: 여성관리자 패널조사의 2차 패널 데이터를 사용하여 조직내 가족친화적 문화에 대한 인식과 남녀평등문화에 대한 인식이 남녀 근로자의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한, 같은 조직이라 하더라도 가족친화문화와 남녀평등에 대한 인식 및 그 효과에 있어서 남녀간의 차이가 있을 수 있기 때문에 성별의 조절효과를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 근로자들이 자신의 직장이 가족친화적이라고 느낄수록, 그리고 남녀평등문화라고 느낄수록 조직몰입이 증가한다는 점을 보였다. 둘째, 가족친화문화가 조직몰입에 미치는 효과는 남녀평등문화에 대한 인식의 정도에 따라 조절되었다. 직장내 문화가 남녀평등적이라고 인식하고 있는 경우, 가족친화문화에 대한 인식은 조직몰입을 증가시켰으나, 직장내 문화가 남녀에게 불평등하다고 지각한 경우, 가족친화문화에 대한 인식은 오히려 근로자들의 조직몰입을 떨어뜨렸다. 셋째, 가족친화문화에 대한 인식은 여성근로자의 조직몰입을 높이는 효과가 미미한 반면, 남성근로자의 조직몰입을 유의미하게 증가시켰다. 남녀평등문화의 경우 조직몰입에 미치는 효과에서 남녀간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 종합하자면, 본 연구는 가족친화적인 문화가 성공하기 위해서는 직장내 남녀평등이 선행되어야 한다는 점을 보여주며, 가족친화문화가 여성근로자들보다 남성근로자들의 조직에 대한 충성도를 높이는데 오히려 더 큰 역할을 한다는 것을 밝혔다.
Abstract
Using the Wave 2 data of the Korean Women Manager Panel (KWMP) study, this study investigates how family friendly culture and gender equality culture affect female and male employees' organizational commitment. We also examined the gender difference in hypothesized effects. The result showed that employee's perception of family friendly culture and gender equality culture increased their organizational commitment. Also, the effect of familiy friendly culture was conditional on the perception of gender equality culture. That is, when employees perceive their culture as showing low level of gender equity, family friendly culture did not increase employees' organizational commitment. As for the gender difference, we found that the effect of perceived family friendly culture on organizational commitment was found among male employees rather than among female employees. There was no interaction effect of gender on perceived gender equality culture. Current study suggests that it is important to consider gender equity issue if organization tries to transform their culture into family friendly culture. The study also highlights that male employees could be important allies in building family friendly and gender equality workplace.
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