청년여성의 초기 노동시장 이행실태와 결정요인

Abstract

This study analysed young women's early labor market transition and derived the policy implications using the Youth Panel survey data. The main findings are as follows: First, I found that the labor market transition of women was delayed from in the initial career formation through the two-year change analysis from 2007 to 2011. During the same period, the direct transition rate from high school to college or university was same between two sexes, but if women put off the going to college, they tended to stay longer as the economically inactive state than men. If young women transit immediately after high school graduation to the labor market, its employment rate was higher than that of men. It, however, does not mean that the women’s employment performance is better than men’s because young men tend to stay as the economically inactive state to prepare for the military service or the university entrance. Also, women’s quality of employment may not good. The determinants of labor market transition of young woman was not different among the educational level. In both of high school or college graduate women, the probability of employment was higher in the unmarried, the manufacturing and service industries, and the larger firms than others. The older, the unmarried, women in the manufacturing, service industries, and larger firms were more likely to be wage workers than others. Household backgrounds, however, such as father’s employment status, household income, the number of family members did not affect the employment as the wage earners. Finally, in the determinants of the self-employed of the young women, unlike other determining factors, certain differences appeared among high school and college graduates. Age effect was not in high school graduate women, but the older were more likely to be the self-employed in college graduate women. In the effects on being the self-employed, father’s or husband’s employment status, the number of family members were different between high school and college graduates. However, the result that the single, the higher household income were more likely to be the self-employed. was same in the both educational level, The conclusion that the difference between the educational level does not appear in the most determinants analysis means that other individual or household’s factors affect much more than educational factor. As the policy implication, I suggested the gender sensitive, especially young women customized career guidance and education, internship program, job training and education, and early prevention of career discontinuation program should be intensified.