한국 신종교 개벽사상의 수행적 성격 - 동학⋅천도교, 증산교, 원불교를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper argued that how the concept of Gaebyeok was appeared, was spread, and settled into a thought in Korea. Also it illuminated an ascetic characteristic of Gaebyeok thought during the period from appearance to settlement of the thought. Gaebyeok, the abbreviation of ‘CheongaeJibyeok(天開地闢),’ was for the first time recorded in Chinese literature. The first record was the Shiji(史記) by Sima Qian. Gaebyeok was also recorded in Houhanshu(後漢書). In Korea, it was recorded for the first time in Samgukyusa(三國遺事) by Iryeon. In a study of Gaebyeok thought, there are terms to be examined; ‘an apriority’ and ‘a posterior.’ The founders of Korean new religious did not mention ‘the postnatal Gaebyeok,’ but their disciples and researchers has settled it. In this process, the concept of Gaebyeok was moulded on the Gaebyeok thought and this research will examine it. Based on the concept of Gaebyeok, I researched an ascetic characteristic of the Gaebyeok thought of the representative new religions of Donghak·Cheondogyo(東學·天道敎), Jeungsangyo(甑山敎) and Won-Buddhism(圓佛敎). The Gaebyeok thought was recognized as the idea for people which had the feature of revolutional power based on the movemental, terrestrial, and anti-systemic aspects. But the early Gaebyeok theorist asserted that the root of Gaebyeok thought is an ascetic practice. Gaebyeok thought is the common idea of Korean new religions and it can be understood from the context that one of the central source of religions is the practice. The fundamental change is preemptive with the establishment of self through the practice. An ascetic aspect that is one of the points from which the Gaebyeok thought is valid as a contemporary thought. The key words of this era are the healing and the convergence. The practice will a tool to enhance values such as helping each other, mutual growth, and benefiting themselves and benefiting others.