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수출의 파급효과와 생산성:한국 제조업 미시 데이터의 분석을 중심으로

Spillovers of Learning-by-Exporting and Productivity Growth: Evidence from Korean Manufacturing Micro-data

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경제학

초록

퍼스널 컴퓨터의 계산용량의 급속한 증대와 전산화된 대규모 미시 데이터에 대한 접근가능성의 증대에 힘입어, 기업이나 사업체 수준에서의 대규모 미시 데이터를 이용한 실증분석이 연구자들 사이에서 새롭게 각광을 받기 시작한 것은 비교적 최근의 일이다. 이같은 실증분석들에서 공통적으로 확인되는 사실은 기업동학(수많은 개별기업들의 끊임없는 진입과 퇴출, 성장과 몰락)이 혁신과 경제 전체의 생산성 증대의 중요한 요소라는 점이다. 수출지향형 성장과정 속에서 드러난 동아시아 신흥공업국들(NIEs)의 역동성(dynamism)은 연구자들로부터 지대한 관심을 받아왔다. 그러나, 미시 데이터를 이용한 동아시아의 경제성장에 대한 실증연구는 여전히 드문데, 그 주된 이유는 이용가능한 데이터가 부족하기 때문으로 사료된다. 이 연구는 한국 광업제조업 통계조사보고서의 업체별 데이터(1990년~98년)를 이용하여 수출과 생산성간의 연관성을 고찰하고 있다. 실증분석의 결과는 수출에 의한 학습효과(learning-by-exporting) 및 그것의 산업 내 파급효과(intra-industry spillovers)가 상당히 큼을 시사한다.

Abstract

The dynamism of Asian NIEs(Newly Industrializing Economies) revealed in their export-oriented growth paths has drawn substantial attention from researchers. But, empirical studies based on longitudinal micro-data in Asia are still rare, mainly due to the lack of readily available data. Based on the plant-level raw data underlying the Annual Report on Mining and Manufacturing Survey of Korea (1990-98), this study explores links between exporting and productivity. Main findings of the paper suggest that productivity gains associated with exporting tend to have strong intra-industry spillovers.

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