Level 3 자율주행버스 실주행 데이터를 활용한 제어권 전환 영향 요인 분석
Analysis of Factors Affecting Disengagement Using Actual Driving Data in Level 3 Autonomous Bus
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초록
정부는 2025년까지 Level 4 자율주행 버스·셔틀 상용화를 목표로 현재 도심부 도로에서Level 3 자율주행버스의 실증을 확대하고 있으나 도심 환경의 다양한 주행 영향 요인으로 인해안전 문제가 지속적으로 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 판교에서 운행 중인 자율주행버스의 실주행 데이터를 활용하여 제어권 전환 다발 지점을 식별하고 정적 및 동적 도로환경요인 분석을통해 영향 요인을 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 제어권 전환은 교차로와 버스정류장 부근에서 자주발생하며 정류장의 존재가 전환 발생 확률을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 이는 운전자의 잦은 자의적 개입 때문인 것으로 추정되어 이 변수를 제외하고 분석한 결과, 횡단보도수 및 진출입로의 존재와 동적 요인인 안개와 비가 제어권 전환 발생 확률을 높이는 것으로나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 자율주행버스의 운행 안전성 향상과 서비스의 신뢰도 제고를 위해제어권 전환 최소화를 위한 개선 방향을 제안하였다.
Abstract
The government aims to commercialize Level 4 autonomous buses and shuttles by 2025, expanding the demonstration of Level 3 autonomous buses on urban streets, where various factors affecting the driving conditions raise safety concerns. This study used actual driving data from autonomous buses in Pangyo to identify the disengagement locations and analyzed the static and dynamic road environment factors. The results showed that the disengagement of autonomous buses frequently occurs near intersections and bus stops, with those at the bus stops due primarily to operational procedures requiring driver intervention. Excluding these, the analysis identified crosswalks and driveways as static factors, whereas fog and rain are dynamic factors affecting disengagements. Based on these findings, recommendations were proposed to minimize disengagements, aiming to improve the operational safety of autonomous buses in Korea and address upcoming challenges.
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