수사적 상황과 역할에 따른 대통령 수사학 장르 분석 - 박정희 전 대통령과 박근혜 대통령의 방미연설을 중심으로 -

Abstract

Rhetorical genre represents a class of messages having important structural and content similarities that creates special expectations among listeners. Presidential rhetoric delivers textual features to the similar effect of creating trust and bonding people. Based on the arguments of Bitzer and Hart, this study attempts to compare and contrast two presidential addresses that were delivered in two different time and spacial settings. For this purpose, former President Park Jung Hee's 1963 National Press Club address in Washington and President Park Geun Hye's 2013 address in U.S. Congress in Washington were chosen. As analytic tools, Hart's credibility strategy index and I-reference style were used, along with Bitzer's elements in rhetorical situation. The results indicated that two Presidents showed similar patterns in their use of credibility strategy and use of I-reference positioning them in a certain role in their speeches. While two speeches, each of which 48 years apart, revealed different rhetorical situations in terms of their exigences, audiences, and contraints, respective presidents retained similar generic features in their addresses. From the results, it could be discussed that the presidential rhetoric as a generic form has a unique construct of communicating messages that pronounce their unique social role and solidate trust system in society.