언어폭력, 언어조작 그리고 거짓말 - 아리스토텔레스의 에토스를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper analyzes the problems of language misuse that hinder the social function of language and divides that into verbal abuse and verbal manipulation based on speechact theory. Verbal abuse clearly shows aggression towards the other person in the expression. In verbal abuse, the gap between locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act is not large. Among them, some verbal abuse is intentional by the speaker(for example, threats), and some are not. In the latter case, when the perlocutionary act is emphasized, verbal abuse is not defended by the fact that there was no intention(for example, sexual harassment). The characteristics of veral manipulation are falsehood and deception. Verbal manipulation such as estrangement and lying has a high risk because the gap between locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act is large and invisible. Methods of verbal manipulation are related to all aspects of rhetoric, including persuasion strategies. Therefore, uncovering language manipulation is also the task of rhetoric. Lying, the core of language manipulation, is analyzed focusing on Aristotle's ethos. Aristotle presents practical wisdom, virtue, and good will as ethos. According to him, when any of these are lacking, the listener falls into error and thus trust in the speaker is lost. This paper analyzes different definitions of lying and solves problems such as ChatGPT and fake news. Lastly, the relationship between the spread of lies in Korean society and the values ​​and virtues pursued by Korean society is revealed.