인종 정보에 따른 한국 영아의 얼굴 인식 발달
The Role of Race in Korean Infants’ Face Recognition
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초록
본 연구는 한국의 6, 9개월 영아가 타인의 얼굴을 변별하는데 인종에 따른 차이를 나타내는지 살펴보았다. 여섯 번의 친숙화 시행과 두 번의 검사 시행으로 이루어진 보기 선호 과제가 시행되었으며, 제시된 얼굴 자극들에 대한 영아의 응시 시간이 측정되었다. 연구 결과, 한국의 6, 9개월 영아는 황인종의 얼굴이 제시될 때 기존에 제시된 얼굴과 새로운 얼굴을 변별하였지만, 백인종의 얼굴은 그 차이를 잘 변별하지 못하였다. 본 연구는 생애 초기에서부터 인종에 기반을 둔 선택적 얼굴 인식이 한국 영아에게 나타난다는 것을 밝혔다. 본 연구는 이러한 경향이 나타나는 기제에 대해 경험과 지각의 관계를 중심으로 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study investigated 6-, and 9-month-old infants’ discrimination of their own race or other race faces. The experiment consisted of six familiarization trials and two test trials. During familiarization, infants watched either a caucasian or an asian face. During test, infants watched two faces. One was the same face as the one in familiarization trials but the face was presented at a different angle than in familiarization trials. The other was a novel face of the same race as the counterpart. Infants’ mean looking times at the faces in each trial was measured. The results shows that both 6- and 9-month-old infants discriminated asian faces but not caucasian faces. Thus, the capacity to recognize other-race face disappeared whereas the capacity to recognize own-race face was retained. This study suggests that race-based selective recognition is present early in life. The results are discussed in relation to the influence of experience on face recognition.
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