다문화시대 한국인의 인종에 대한 암묵적 태도와 명시적 태도의 발달
The Development of Implicit and Explicit Race Attitudes in Korean in the Multi-cultural Age
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초록
본 연구는 한국인을 대상으로 인종에 대한 암묵적 태도와 명시적 태도가 연령과 성별에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는지 발달적 관점에서 살펴보았다. 초등학교 일학년(6세) 117명, 사학년(10세) 117명, 중학생 138명, 고등학생 138명, 대학생 122명을 대상으로 암묵적 연합검사(IAT)와 명시적 선호도검사를 실시하였다. 한국인과 대조하여 각 인종(백인/흑인/동남아인)에 대한 암묵적 태도와 명시적 태도를 5(연령) x 2(성별) x 3(인종)의 3원 혼합설계에 의한 변량분석을 실시한 결과, 집단 간에 성별효과는 나타나지 않고 연령변수가 유의하였다. 모든 연령에 걸쳐 내집단 선호경향은 암묵적/명시적 수준에서 모두 지속되었다. 반면에 외집단에 대한 선호 및 편견적 태도는 암묵적 및 명시적 수준, 연령과 인종에 따라서 각기 다른 발달양상을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과들을 이론 및 실제적인 측면에서 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study examined how the explicit and implicit race attitudes differ according to age and sex from the developmental perspective in Koreans. Elementary school students(first grade:117, fourth grade:117), middle school students(138), high school students(138), and college school students(122) completed Implicit Association Tests (Korean-White/Korean-Black/ Korean-Southeast Asian IATs), and Explicit Preference Test. The effects of age and sex on and implicit and explicit attitudes toward Korean/White/Black/Southeast Asian were examined with 5(age)× 2(sex)× 3(race) three-way MANOVA. using mixed model. The results demonstrated that as age increases, in-group preference continued throughout the age, without sex effect. In contrast, out-group preference/bias presented different developmental aspects according to the level of implicit or explicit, age and race. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings were discussed.
참고문헌 (23)
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