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『번역』에 나타난 외상 연구

A Study on Trauma in Brian Friel’s Translations

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Brian Friel’s Translations uses the historical frame of the English Ordnance Survey and the theme of language to expose the traumatic effects of erased identity and national loss. These devices have been given much attention in scholarly discussions. Less observed is the character Friel writes to represent and reflect these elements and their effects in Translations. Thus this study examines the themes of the English Ordnance survey and erasure of the Irish language that are embodied in the silent figure Sarah, who haunts the stage with her continuous presence. As the audience witnesses a widening crevasse through the loss of the Irish language and effects of the English Ordnance Survey, so Sarah experiences the same erasure, her voice falling into the silence. By examining Sarah and analyzing her story, audiences encounter the traumatic remnants of colonized Ireland. In addition, Friel uses Sarah as a dramatic device to stand in not only as the female subaltern but also as a reflection of Ireland itself. As a result, Sarah’s story articulates parallel trauma-- that of the English Ordnance Survey and its effect on the Irish language and that of the doubly colonized female. In conclusion, Friel’s dramatization of these traumas encourages audiences to confront and embrace their own traumatic histories so that they might begin to heal the scars left by generations of affliction.

Abstract

Brian Friel’s Translations uses the historical frame of the English Ordnance Survey and the theme of language to expose the traumatic effects of erased identity and national loss. These devices have been given much attention in scholarly discussions. Less observed is the character Friel writes to represent and reflect these elements and their effects in Translations. Thus this study examines the themes of the English Ordnance survey and erasure of the Irish language that are embodied in the silent figure Sarah, who haunts the stage with her continuous presence. As the audience witnesses a widening crevasse through the loss of the Irish language and effects of the English Ordnance Survey, so Sarah experiences the same erasure, her voice falling into the silence. By examining Sarah and analyzing her story, audiences encounter the traumatic remnants of colonized Ireland. In addition, Friel uses Sarah as a dramatic device to stand in not only as the female subaltern but also as a reflection of Ireland itself. As a result, Sarah’s story articulates parallel trauma-- that of the English Ordnance Survey and its effect on the Irish language and that of the doubly colonized female. In conclusion, Friel’s dramatization of these traumas encourages audiences to confront and embrace their own traumatic histories so that they might begin to heal the scars left by generations of affliction.

참고문헌 (22)

  1. Andrews, John Hayward, "A Paper Landscape" (2002), Four Courts
  2. Note by John Brannigan, "Translations, Brian Friel", pp.2000, Brannigan, John
  3. Caruth, Cathy, "Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History" (1996), Johns Hopkins UP
  4. Coult, Tony, "About Friel: The Playwright and the Work" (2003), Faber
  5. Deane, Seamus, "Introduction. Brian Friel Plays: 1", pp.11~22 (1996), Faber
  6. Fanon, Frantz, "The Wretched of the Earth" (1963), Grove
  7. Friel, Brian, "Selected Plays Brian Friel" (1984), Colin Smythe
  8. Gilbert, Helen, "Post-Colonial Drama: Theory, Practice,Politics" (1996), Routledge
  9. Jones, Nesta, "A Faber Critical Guide: Brian Friel" (2000), Faber
  10. Kearney, Richard, "Language Play: Brian Friel and Ireland’s Verbal Theatre, In Brian Friel: A Casebook", pp.77~116 (1997), Garland
  11. LaCapra, Dominick, "Representing the Holocaust: History, Theory, Trauma" (1994), Cornell UP
  12. Lee, Josephine, "Linguistic Imperialism, the Early Abbey Theatre, and theTranslations of Brian Friel, In Imperialism and Theatre: Essays on worldtheatre, drama and performance 1795-1995", pp.165~181 (1995), Routledge
  13. Lojek, Helen, "Brian Friel’s Plays and George Steiner’s Linguistics: Translatingthe Irish", Contemporary Literature, pp.83~99 (1994)
  14. McGrath, F. C, "Language, Myth, and History in the Later Plays of Brian Friel", Contemporary Literature, pp.534~545 (1989)
  15. Morash, Christopher, "A History of Irish Theatre, 1601-2000" (2002), Cambridge UP
  16. Murray, Christopher, "Brian Friel: Essays, Diaries, Interviews 1964-1999" (1999), Faber
  17. Power, Patrick C., "Timetables of Irish History" (2001), Black Dog & Leventhal
  18. Roche, Anthony, "Contemporary Irish Drama: From Beckett to McGuinness" (1995), St. Martin’s
  19. Rushe, Desmond, "Derry Translations, In Modern Irish Drama", pp.554~557 (1991), Norton
  20. Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, "Can the Subaltern Speak?, In Colonial Discourseand Post-Colonial Theory", pp.66~111 (1992), Columbia UP
  21. Steiner, George, "After Babel: Aspects of Language and Translation. 3rd ed" (1998), Oxford UP

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