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대학생의 괴롭힘 피해경험과 정신적 안녕감의 관계: 자기자비에 따른 삶의 의미의 조건부 매개효과

Peer Victimization and Mental Well-Being in Undergraduate Students: A Moderated Mediation Model of Meaning in Life and Self-Compassion

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 대학생 괴롭힘 피해양상을 확인하고, 나아가 괴롭힘 피해경험과 정신적 안녕감의 관계를 설명하는 제3의 매개변인으로 삶의 의미 역할에 주목하였다. 그리고 이 매개효과가 자기자비의 수준에 따라 달리 나타나는지 조건부 매개효과를 확인하였다. 전국의 만 18-25세의 남녀 대학생 261명이 온라인 자기보고식 설문에 참여하였다. 연구결과, 문항에 따라 약 8.5%-19.6%가 그렇다-매우 그렇다에 응답하여 대학생들도 괴롭힘 피해경험이 있음을 확인하였는데, 이는 주로 관계적 괴롭힘에 해당하였다. 그리고 대학생 괴롭힘 피해경험과 정신적 안녕감의 관계는 삶의 의미가 완전매개 하였는데, 이 매개효과는 자기자비 수준에 따라 달리 나타났다. 구체적으로, 괴롭힘 피해경험이 삶의 의미를 낮추어 정신적 안녕감을 부적으로 예측하는 경로가 자기자비가 평균이거나 평균 이하인 경우에만 유의하였다. 본 연구 결과는 괴롭힘이 아동, 청소년 발달 문제에 국한되지 않는다는 점을 확인해주며, 대학생의 괴롭힘 피해경험이 삶의 의미를 낮추어 정신건강의 한 축인 정신적 안녕감을 감소시키는 것을 개입하기 위하여 자기자비를 적극적으로 활용해야 함을 시사한다.

Abstract

To understand peer victimization among undergraduate students and provide intervention strategies, the types and rates of bullying experienced by undergraduate students were explored. A moderated mediation model of meaning in life and self-compassion on relation between peer victimization and mental well-being was analyzed using the Process macro. A self-report questionnaire conducted through an online survey platform was completed by 369 students (aged between 18-25 years). The results indicated that between 8.5-19.6% of the participants reported peer victimization in undergraduate school, although there were differences across types of victimization. The moderated mediation model showed a significant conditional mediation effect of meaning in life in the link between peer victimization and mental well-being among students who reported low or average levels of self-compassion. However, the direct effect of peer victimization on mental well-being was not significant. The implications and limitations of the present study are discussed based on these findings.

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