유아의 의도적 통제와 유아-교사 관계가 유아의 사회성에 미치는 영향: 성별의 조절된 매개효과
The Influence of Effortful Control and Teacher-Child Relationship on Children’s Social Development: Moderated Mediation Effect of Gender
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본 연구는 만 4, 5세 유아의 의도적 통제와 유아-교사 관계가 유아의 사회성에 미치는 영향에서 유아의 성별이 조절된 매개역할을 하는지 검증하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울, 경기 지역에 위치한 유아교육기관에 재원 중인 만 4, 5세 유아 163명(남아: 88명, 여아: 75명)과 담임교사였다. 연구자료는 SPSS 21.0과 PROCESS macro 3.5를 이용하여 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 첫째, 유아의 의도적 통제와 유아의 사회성의 관계를 유아-교사 관계가 매개하였다. 둘째, 유아의 의도적 통제가 유아-교사 관계에 미치는 영향을 유아의 성별이 조절하였다. 단순 기울기 검증을 실시한 결과, 여아들보다 남아들의 경우 의도적 통제가 유아-교사 관계에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 유아의 의도적 통제와 유아의 사회성의 관계에서 유아-교사 관계의 매개효과는 성별에 의해 조절되었고, 그 간접효과는 남아인 경우만 유의한 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 교사들이 유아의 사회성을 지도하는 데 있어 유아의 성별에 따라 고려해야 할 점에 대한 정보를 제공하였다는 의의가 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the moderated mediation effect of gender on the influence of effortful control and teacher-child relationships on children’s social development. The participants were 163 children (aged 4-5 years) and their teachers. Mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation models were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and PROCESS macro 3.5 programs. First, the teacher-child relationship mediated the relationship between children’s effortful control and social development. Second, the gender moderated the effects of the children’s effortful control on the teacher-child relationship. Finally, the indirect effect of teacher-child relationships through children’s effortful control on social development was moderated by gender. The indirect effect was significant, especially in boys. This study provides information about ways to guide a child’s social development according to their gender.
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