시설보호아동과 입양아동의 타액 속 코티솔 일일주기 리듬과 내재화 문제 관계 비교 연구
The Diurnal Cortisol Regulation Rhythm and Internalizing Problems of Children in Institutional Care and Adopted Children in Korea
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초록
본 연구는 만 4-11세 시설보호아동과 입양아동의 뇌신경계 그리고 사회 정서적 발달의 차이를 알아보기 위해 코티솔 일일주기 리듬과 내재화 문제를 비교하였다. 입양아동은 입양시기에 따라 생후 12개월 이전에 입양된 조기 입양아동(16명)과 그 이후에 입양된 연장 입양아동(9명)으로 나누었고, 시설보호아동 역시 모두 생후 12개월 이전에 입소한 아동(26명)으로 제한하였다. 그리하여 현재 심리사회적 박탈이 지속될수록, 생애 초기 박탈환경의 노출 기간이 길수록 코티솔 일일주기 조절이상과 내재화 문제 정도가 더 클 것이라는 가설을 검증하였다. 그 결과 시설보호아동은 입양아동과 비교하여 더 높은 수준의 코티솔 일일주기 조절이상을 보였다. 내재화 문제의 경우 연구가설과는 달리 입양아동의 문제수준이 시설보호아동보다 더 높았다. 그러나 내재화 문제에 따른 코티솔 일일주기 조절 리듬을 알아본 결과 시설보호 아동은 내재화 문제 수준이 높을수록 코티솔 일일주기 조절이상 수준이 높았지만, 입양아동의 경우 조기, 연장 입양아동 모두 내재화 문제와 코티솔 일일주기 조절이상 간에 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과에 대한 가능한 설명과 후속 연구 방향을 논의에 포함하였다.
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of psychosocial deprivation and subsequent social interventions for children without permanent parental care in relation to internalizing problems and diurnal cortisol regulation rhythm. The author hypothesized that psychosocial deprivation would impair regulation of the HPA axis and internalizing problems would moderate this relationship. To examine this hypothesis 4-to 11-year-old children placed in institutional care(n = 26), adopted early(n = 16), and adopted late(n = 9) were recruited. Children in institutional care exhibited more attenuated diurnal decrease in cortisol, indicative of HPA axis neuro-endocrine dysregulation than did early and late adopted children. Both early and late adopted children showed higher levels of internalizing problems. However, internalizing problems of adopted children was not correlated with diurnal cortisol rhythm. Internalizing problems were related to lower diurnal cortisol secretion in children in institutional.
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