걸음마기 6요인 기질 척도의 개발과 타당화
Development and validation of the Toddler Six-Factor Temperament Scale
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 12~35개월 걸음마기 영유아의 기질 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 기질의 주요 이론과 최신 이론을 토대로 우리나라 12~35개월 걸음마기 영유아의 특성을 반영한 6요인의 60개 예비문항을 구성하였다. 예비조사에서는 전국의 걸음마기 영유아의 양육자 264명의 자료에 대한 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 6요인으로 구성된 42문항을 선정하였다. 6요인에는 활동성, 조심성, 의도적 조절, 부정정서, 긍정정서, 사회적 민감성이 포함되었다. 이후 본 조사에서는 양육자 776명의 자료를 수집하여 척도의 타당도를 확인하였다. 타당도 검증을 위해 확인적 요인분석, 상관분석 및 평균 비교를 실시하였으며, 내적합치도 계수를 통해 신뢰도를 확인하였다. 또한, 준거타당도 검증을 위해 기존의 기질 척도와의 상관을 살펴보고, 문제행동, 부모의 양육 태도 및 양육스트레스, 사회 정서발달 수준과의 관련성을 살펴보았다. 분석 결과 전반적으로 양호한 결과를 보여 걸음마기 영유아용 기질 척도가 타당하고 신뢰로운 도구임을 확인하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구를 통해 개발한 걸음마기 영유아용 기질 척도의 특징 및 활용 가능과 제한점, 그리고 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and validate a temperament scale for Korean infants and toddlers aged 12~35 months, based on key and contemporary temperament theories reflecting their characteristics. An initial pool of 60 items was created across six factors, followed by exploratory factor analysis with data from 264 caregivers, This resulted in 42 items categorized into the following factors: activity level, cautiousness, effortful control, positive emotionality, negative emotionality and social sensitivity. Data from 776 participants were used for conducting confirmatory factor analyses, correlation analyses, mean comparisons, and reliability tests. Furthermore, criterion validity was investigated by examining the correlations with existing scales. The analysis confirmed the scale as a valid, reliable tool for toddlers. Lastly, the study summarized the scale’s attributes, applications, and limitations, and proposes directions for future research.
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