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A Linguistic Adaptation Theory-Based Approach to Singular They in English

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초록

Based on the Linguistic Adaptation Theory outlined in Verschueren (1999), Qiang (2013), and Al-Gublan (2015), we argue that the rise of singular they starts from filling a lexical gap for a gender-neutral pronoun for the third-person singular human in English. Singular they is said to be the best candidate because it is highly adaptable in contextualization and meets the needs of interlocutors’ social, physical, and mental worlds in real communication. To be precise, it has more advantages than other candidates: (ⅰ) It has a historical precedent to follow and gains much support from authors of many canonical works; (ⅱ) It has no sexist mark and is totally indeterminate on number, gender, abstractness, animacy, and humanness; (ⅲ) It is simple in form and easier to recognize than the newly invented items.

Abstract

Based on the Linguistic Adaptation Theory outlined in Verschueren (1999), Qiang (2013), and Al-Gublan (2015), we argue that the rise of singular they starts from filling a lexical gap for a gender-neutral pronoun for the third-person singular human in English. Singular they is said to be the best candidate because it is highly adaptable in contextualization and meets the needs of interlocutors’ social, physical, and mental worlds in real communication. To be precise, it has more advantages than other candidates: (ⅰ) It has a historical precedent to follow and gains much support from authors of many canonical works; (ⅱ) It has no sexist mark and is totally indeterminate on number, gender, abstractness, animacy, and humanness; (ⅲ) It is simple in form and easier to recognize than the newly invented items.

참고문헌 (20)

  1. Al-Gublan, Badriah, "A Pragmatic Study of a Political Discourse from the Perspective of the Linguistic Adaptation Theory", International Journal of English Linguistics, 5(2), pp.151~164 (2015)
  2. Balhorn, Mark, "The Rise of Epicene ‘They’", Journal of English Linguistics, 32(2), pp.79~104 (2004)
  3. Balhorn, Mark, "Epicene Pronoun in Contemporary Newspaper Prose", American Speech, 84, pp.391~413 (2009)
  4. Baranowski, Maciej, "Current Usage of the Epicene Pronoun in Written English", Journal of Sociolinguistics, 6(3), pp.378~397 (2002)
  5. Bjorkman, Bronwyn, "Singular ‘They’ and the Syntactic Representation of Gender in English", Glossa, 2(1), pp.1~13 (2017)
  6. "Changes in Singular ‘They’" (2018)[URL]
  7. "Corpus of Contemporary American English"[URL]
  8. "The Future is ‘They’: The Morphosyntax of an English Epicene Pronoun" (2016)[URL]
  9. Déchaine, Rose-Marie, "When and Why can 1st and 2nd Person Pronouns be Bound Variables?", NELS, 40, pp.94~105 (2015)
  10. Foertsch, Julie, "In Search of Gender Neutrality: Is Singular ‘They’ a Cognitively Efficient Substitute for Generic He?", Psychological Science, 8(2), pp.106~111 (1997)
  11. Lascotte, Darren, "Singular ‘They’: An Empirical Study of Generic Pronoun Use", American Speech, 91, pp.62~80 (2016)
  12. Martyna, Wendy, "What does He Mean? Use of the Generic Masculine", Journal of Communication, 28, pp.131~138 (1978)
  13. Miller, Megan, "Is the Generic Pronoun He still Comprehended as Excluding Women?", American Journal of Psychology, 122(4), pp.483~496 (2009)
  14. Newman, M., "Pronominal Disagreements: The Stubborn Problem of Singular Epicene Antecedents", Language in Society, 21(3), pp.447~475 (1992)
  15. Newman, Michael, "What can Pronouns Tell us? A Case Study of English Epicene", Studies in Language, 22(2), pp.353~389 (1998)
  16. "Oxford English Dictionary Online"[URL]
  17. Qiang, Kang, "Interpretation Context From the Perspective of Adaptation Theory", Studies in Literature and Language, 7(3), pp.125~128 (2013)
  18. Salembier, Paul, "Is Bad Grammar Good Policy? Legislative Use of the Singular ‘They’", Statute Law Review, 36(2), pp.175~185 (2015)
  19. Verschueren, Jeff, "Understanding Pragmatics" (1999), Edward Arnold
  20. Zuber, Sharon, "The Politics of Grammar Handbooks:Generic He and Singular ‘They’", College English, 55(5), pp.515~530 (1993)

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