대진(戴震)의 불교비판과 주지주의 윤리학

Abstract

Dai Zhen was one of the major scholars of K'ao-cheng scholarship, a form of evidential research prevalent in the Qing dynasty. Most k'ao-cheng scholars were reluctant to take part in the philosophical discussions about the world's universal order or human nature that were raised by the neo- Confucian scholars of the Sung and Ming dynasties. However, Dai Zhen involved himself in these discussions. He criticized the Sung-Ming neo-Confucian scholars for adopting Buddhist concepts to establish their central argument. Dai Zhen insisted that neo-Confucian scholars of the Sung and Ming dynasties saw Confucianism as an interiorism , under the influence of Buddhism. He stated that this blocked the path to gradual self-fulfillment through knowledge and inclined toward developing internal insight. As a k'ao-cheng scholar who worked toward studying Confucian scriptures thoroughly byusing philological methods and expanding human intellect, he could not accept the methods that Sung-Ming neo-Confucian scholars proposed. He manifested that an academic research of Confucian scriptures and serious understanding of sages' words is a way of self-culture. Dai Zhen tried hard to fulfill the fundamental Confucian goal of moral self-fulfillment within the field of philology. I call Dai Zhen's attempt intellectualist ethics.