진언염송에서 호흡에 관한 연구 - 『대일경소』를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between mantra and breathing, with reference to Dàrìjīngshù as major material and other related esoteric scriptures, which place emphasis on both linguistic and respiratory functions of mantras. A mantra can obtain its ultimate goal when it transcends its semantic function. A chanting practitioner can stay in the unimpeded state free from any discrimination when he unifies himself with the vibration of chanting, even forgetting his breathing. As a result, he can shake off any deception caused by discrimination. Likewise, we are able to verify the process to the formlessness of a mantra from the form of the mantra itself. It is necessary to have methods of recitation related with breathing to elevate the process. Dàrìjīngshù discloses in detail various means of chanting practice. Through the inward-outward chanting or four kinds of repetition, it shows the procedural practice from vocal chanting to adamantine chanting, which reaches the phase of forgetting even the mantra, far beyond the mantra itself. In Esoteric Buddhism, breathing was combined with mantras, which resulted in diverse forms of chanting. It was advanced to Image chanting to confirm the procedure leading to the ultimate Samādhi. Mantra chanting intends to purify body and mind through the wave shape from chanting a mantra. Mantra chanting is a structure which is completed by purification of the body right after purification of the mind.